{"id":166313,"date":"2023-12-18T15:27:31","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T14:27:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=166313"},"modified":"2023-12-18T15:27:35","modified_gmt":"2023-12-18T14:27:35","slug":"mohou-psychedelika-nahradit-opioidy-jako-leky-proti-bolesti-bez-zavislosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/blog\/can-psychedelics-replace-opioids-as-addiction-free-painkillers\/","title":{"rendered":"Mohou psychedelika nahradit opioidy jako l\u00e9ky proti bolesti bez z\u00e1vislosti?"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00e1\u0161 mozek je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed v\u011bc. Jejich specifick\u00e1 magie je v mnoha ohledech st\u00e1le nepoznateln\u00e1, a to i pro ty nejpokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed neurov\u011bdce. Ale jsou to pr\u00e1v\u011b na\u0161e mozky, kter\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed a sd\u011bluj\u00ed bolest, kterou c\u00edt\u00edme - jak emocion\u00e1ln\u011b, tak fyzicky. A d\u00edky t\u011bmto propojen\u00fdm mechanism\u016fm zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed se hranice mezi t\u011bmito r\u016fzn\u00fdmi typy bolesti st\u00edraj\u00ed.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
p\u0159es Pixabay<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bolest bez p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

To je nejv\u00edce patrn\u00e9 u t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed trp\u00ed nociplastick\u00e1 bolest<\/a>. Nociplastick\u00e1 bolest je typ bolesti, kter\u00e1 nem\u00e1 jasn\u00fd nebo z\u0159ejm\u00fd spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se li\u0161\u00ed od bolesti, kter\u00e1 se projevuje v d\u016fsledku nociceptivn\u00ed<\/a> nebo neuropatick\u00e9 bolesti. Jedn\u00e1 se o souhrnn\u00fd term\u00edn, kter\u00fd zahrnuje stavy od dysfunk\u010dn\u00ed bolesti a\u017e po nevysv\u011btliteln\u00e9 t\u011blesn\u00e9 syndromy. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b fibromyalgie, muskuloskelet\u00e1ln\u00ed bolesti, jako jsou chronick\u00e9 bolesti zad, syndrom bolesti mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e a syndrom dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9ho tra\u010dn\u00edku. Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed t\u011bmito stavy trp\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b traumatizuj\u00edc\u00ed, proto\u017ee nen\u00ed z\u0159ejm\u00e1 vysledovateln\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina, nap\u0159\u00edklad zran\u011bn\u00ed nebo po\u0161kozen\u00ed nerv\u016f. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k tomu, \u017ee jim nikdo nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed, nebo mo\u017en\u00e1 dokonce zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed uchopen\u00ed reality. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probl\u00e9my s opioidy <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Mnoh\u00fdm z nich nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e s\u00e1hnout po l\u00e9c\u00edch proti bolesti, jako jsou opioidy. A jak jste se ji\u017e nepochybn\u011b do\u010detli, epidemie opioid\u016f je... sou\u010dasn\u00e1 pohroma<\/a> zdravotnick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Opioidy jsou z\u00e1rove\u0148 nebezpe\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1vykov\u00e9 a ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 p\u0159i skute\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b p\u0159\u00ed\u010din bolesti. Po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed pocity nad\u0161en\u00ed a otupen\u00ed bolesti vyst\u0159\u00edd\u00e1 rostouc\u00ed tolerance a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jin\u00fd z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed pl\u00e1n ne\u017e pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed drogy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e se na to pod\u00edv\u00e1me t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem, za\u010dne n\u00e1m b\u00fdt jasn\u00e9, pro\u010d je zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed potenci\u00e1lu psychedelik pro l\u00e9\u010dbu fyzick\u00e9 i psychick\u00e9 bolesti tak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. D\u00e1v\u00e1 to smysl, \u017ee? Jak deprese, tak chronick\u00e1 bolest zran\u011bn\u00ed. <\/em>Mohou n\u00e1m zni\u010dit kvalitu \u017eivota. A na\u0161e sou\u010dasn\u00e9 metody l\u00e9\u010dby zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, pokud v\u016fbec n\u011bco, v\u00edce <\/em>z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska po\u0161kod\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
p\u0159es Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Psychedelika se \u010dasem st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Studie tedy op\u011bt p\u0159inesly slibn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee psychedelika mohou b\u00fdt efektivn\u00ed<\/a> p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b fyzick\u00e9 bolesti. Ale tady je ta t\u0159e\u0161ni\u010dka na dortu. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m protikladu k opioid\u016fm se psychedelika skute\u010dn\u011b st\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00edce <\/em>\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu. V\u00fdzkum bolesti nerv\u016f uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee drogy, jako je psilocybin a LSD, kter\u00e9 se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na serotoninov\u00e9 receptory, p\u0159i opakovan\u00e9m u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b st\u00e1le v\u00edce zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00ed bolest a nepohodl\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m p\u0159ehled literatury<\/a> v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zkoumali a porovn\u00e1vali r\u016fzn\u00e9 studie zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se touto oblast\u00ed psychedelick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu. A zjistili, \u017ee historie psychedelick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby fyzick\u00e9 bolesti nen\u00ed tak nov\u00e1, jak by se mohlo zd\u00e1t. V letech 1964-1977 toti\u017e prob\u00edhaly r\u016fzn\u00e9 mal\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 studie, kter\u00e9 uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee LSD m\u016f\u017ee fungovat jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd l\u00e9k proti bolesti. Tyto studie dokonce zjistily, \u017ee psychedelika p\u0159ed\u010dila opioidy p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b rakoviny a gangr\u00e9ny. Posu\u0148me se do dne\u0161n\u00ed doby a v\u00edce lid\u00ed ne\u017e kdykoli p\u0159edt\u00edm si pomoc\u00ed psilocybinu nebo LSD samol\u00e9\u010d\u00ed stavy, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad klastrov\u00e9 bolesti hlavy, a zji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee jsou mnohem \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
p\u0159es Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e1ce s fyzickou i emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed bolest\u00ed najednou<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Jak se tedy tyto triphopov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s bolest\u00ed? Psilocybin a LSD na rozd\u00edl od opioid\u016f neza\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b a p\u0159\u00edmo manipulovat s receptory bolesti. D\u00edky sv\u00e9mu serotoninergn\u00edmu p\u016fsoben\u00ed v\u0161ak mohou b\u00fdt ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro l\u00e9\u010dbu nociplastick\u00fdch stav\u016f, jako je IBS, fibromyalgie a komplexn\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed bolestiv\u00fd syndrom. (CRPS). <\/em>Ze stejn\u00e9ho p\u0159ehledu literatury vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee tyto l\u00e9ky p\u016fsob\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b na fyzickou bolest i na p\u016fvod emo\u010dn\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Psychedelika se mo\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b z tohoto d\u016fvodu stanou nov\u00fdmi l\u00e9ky proti bolesti. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee psilocybin a LSD dok\u00e1\u017eou zm\u011bnit nastaven\u00ed mozku tak, \u017ee m\u011bn\u00ed jeho vztah k emo\u010dn\u00edm pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm a \u010din\u00ed ho m\u00e9n\u011b vn\u00edmav\u00fdm k sign\u00e1l\u016fm fyzick\u00e9 bolesti. Toto komplikovan\u00e9 nervov\u00e9 p\u0159eskupen\u00ed m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam pro l\u00e9\u010dbu pacient\u016f s nociplastickou bolest\u00ed, proto\u017ee jejich neurony detekuj\u00edc\u00ed bolest se velmi snadno spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed, co\u017e jim zp\u016fsobuje bolest, kterou jin\u00ed lid\u00e9 nemus\u00ed c\u00edtit. Tento druh citlivosti \u010dasto za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 celkov\u00fdm nepohodl\u00edm, ale postupem \u010dasu se st\u00e1v\u00e1 intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Nakonec se pro posti\u017een\u00e9ho stane nesnesitelnou. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chronick\u00e1 bolest m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit n\u00e1\u0161 mozek<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tento stav se m\u016f\u017ee rychle zm\u011bnit z akutn\u00edho na chronick\u00fd, proto\u017ee bu\u0148ky m\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 role, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k p\u0159eskupen\u00ed bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch protein\u016f a geny za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed fungovat jinak. Nakonec mozek, kter\u00fd ji\u017e \u0161patn\u011b zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 fyzickou bolest, pokra\u010duje v tomt\u00e9\u017e i s na\u0161imi emocion\u00e1ln\u00edmi procesy. To m\u016f\u017ee vysv\u011btlovat, pro\u010d se u t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed trp\u00ed chronickou bolest\u00ed, objevuje tak\u00e9 \u00fazkost a\/nebo deprese. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chronick\u00e1 bolest m\u011bn\u00ed i v\u00fdchoz\u00ed re\u017eim s\u00edt\u011b (DMN), <\/em>\u010d\u00e1st mozkov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b spojen\u00e1 s my\u0161lenkami o na\u0161em \"j\u00e1\". Lid\u00e9 trp\u00edc\u00ed depres\u00ed i chronickou nociplatickou bolest\u00ed vykazuj\u00ed neobvykle vysokou aktivitu v DMN, kter\u00e1 se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt od\u0159\u00edznut\u00e1 od ostatn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mozku zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch emoce a bolest. To souvis\u00ed s posedlost\u00ed sebou sam\u00fdm a negativn\u00edmi my\u0161lenkov\u00fdmi smy\u010dkami. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
p\u0159es Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Rozmanitost mozku je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e psychedelika interaguj\u00ed se serotoninov\u00fdmi receptory v na\u0161em mozku, nap\u0159\u00edklad s receptory 5-HT2A, zvy\u0161uj\u00ed \"entropii\" na\u0161eho mozku. To je jako bohatost a rozmanitost na\u0161eho mozku - zvy\u0161uje propojen\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi \u010d\u00e1stmi mozku, co\u017e n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vymanit se z kontroly DMN, kter\u00e1 je posedl\u00e1 sama sebou. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee tento proces resetuje n\u00e1\u0161 mozek a nab\u00edz\u00ed tak nov\u00fd zp\u016fsob l\u00e9\u010dby chronick\u00e9 bolesti i emo\u010dn\u00edho tr\u00e1pen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm faktorem chronick\u00e9 bolesti a depresivn\u00edch stav\u016f je z\u00e1n\u011bt. Bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee psychedelika zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011bt a podporuj\u00ed r\u016fst a propojen\u00ed mozkov\u00fdch bun\u011bk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Celostn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba pro uzdravuj\u00edc\u00ed se sv\u011bt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u010c\u00edm je l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u011bda dokonalej\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm je jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee na\u0161e \"j\u00e1\" je slo\u017eit\u00e1 kombinace, kter\u00e1 je tvo\u0159ena stejnou m\u011brou na\u0161\u00edm fyzick\u00fdm t\u011blem a na\u0161\u00ed emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed a duchovn\u00ed bytost\u00ed. Mysl nelze odd\u011blit od t\u011bla a t\u011blo nelze odd\u011blit od mysli, pokud jde o \u00fapln\u00e9 uzdraven\u00ed. Psychedelika jsou jednou z m\u00e1la l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dit holisticky, p\u016fsob\u00ed na na\u0161i mysl, t\u011blo i ducha. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce v\u00fdzkumu jejich tajemn\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f provedeme, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sou\u010dasnou vlnu psychedelick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu m\u00e1me tendenci spojovat s oblast\u00ed du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed. Deprese, \u00fazkosti, posttraumatick\u00e1 stresov\u00e1 porucha - v\u0161echny tyto stavy lze v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161it pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm psychedelik, jako je psilocybin. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 studie v\u0161ak odhalila, \u017ee tyto l\u00e1tky mohou l\u00e9\u010dit tak\u00e9 fyzickou bolest i du\u0161evn\u00ed tr\u00e1pen\u00ed. A mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee tyto dv\u011b v\u011bci spolu souvisej\u00ed v\u00edce, ne\u017e jste si p\u016fvodn\u011b mysleli...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":167391,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88,68],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-166313","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychedelic-studies","category-science-and-studies"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166313","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=166313"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166313\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":167398,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166313\/revisions\/167398"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/167391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=166313"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=166313"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=166313"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=166313"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}