{"id":66898,"date":"2022-06-23T13:39:43","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T11:39:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?post_type=wiki&#038;p=66898"},"modified":"2022-07-12T15:01:11","modified_gmt":"2022-07-12T13:01:11","slug":"amanita-muscaria","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wiki\/mycology\/amanita-muscaria\/","title":{"rendered":"Amanita Muscaria"},"content":{"rendered":"<p id=\"h-maybe-not-known-quite-as-well-by-its-scientific-name-the-amanita-muscaria-commonly-referred-to-as-fly-agaric-is-however-to-date-the-most-popular-magic-mushroom-in-existence-probably-out-gunning-any-non-magic-variants-as-well-the-image-of-the-bright-red-toadstool-with-white-warts-or-shapes-on-it-is-one-of-the-most-common-seen-images-across-europe-from-children-s-stories-to-fantasy-tales-christmas-to-science-fiction-and-everything-in-between-notably-the-character-toad-from-the-super-mario-series-is-modelled-after-the-fly-agaric-toadstool-as-well-as-being-one-of-the-most-beautiful-species-of-mushrooms-on-this-earth-many-historians-debate-the-full-influence-of-the-fly-agaric-with-many-stating-that-this-species-of-mushroom-is-in-fact-the-root-of-many-modern-day-religions-as-it-has-been-having-a-noted-impact-for-almost-4-000-years-now-the-fly-agaric-holds-special-sway-in-siberia-where-the-shamans-of-the-region-have-been-using-them-ritualistically-for-thousands-of-years-it-s-name-comes-from-one-of-its-main-historical-uses-as-as-early-as-1256-it-was-being-used-as-an-insecticide\">Amanita muscaria, b\u011b\u017en\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jako muchom\u016frka, mo\u017en\u00e1 nen\u00ed tak zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pod sv\u00fdm v\u011bdeck\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem, nicm\u00e9n\u011b je dodnes nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed existuj\u00edc\u00ed magickou houbou, kter\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed i v\u0161echny nemagick\u00e9 varianty. Obr\u00e1zek jasn\u011b \u010derven\u00e9 muchom\u016frky s b\u00edl\u00fdmi bradavicemi nebo obrazci na n\u00ed je jedn\u00edm z nej\u010dast\u011bji vid\u011bn\u00fdch obr\u00e1zk\u016f v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b, od d\u011btsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f po fantasy poh\u00e1dky, od V\u00e1noc po sci-fi a v\u0161echno mezi t\u00edm, zejm\u00e9na postava \"Ropucha\" ze s\u00e9rie Super Mario je modelov\u00e1na podle muchom\u016frky muchom\u016frky. Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o jeden z nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f hub na t\u00e9to zemi, mnoz\u00ed historici diskutuj\u00ed o pln\u00e9m vlivu muchom\u016frky, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e mnoz\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee tento druh houby je ve skute\u010dnosti ko\u0159enem mnoha modern\u00edch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, proto\u017ee m\u00e1 na n\u011b ji\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 4000 let v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed vliv m\u00e1 muchom\u016frka na Sibi\u0159i, kde ji tamn\u00ed \u0161amani ritu\u00e1ln\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ji\u017e tis\u00edce let. Jej\u00ed n\u00e1zev poch\u00e1z\u00ed z jednoho z jej\u00edch hlavn\u00edch historick\u00fdch pou\u017eit\u00ed, nebo\u0165 ji\u017e v roce 1256 se pou\u017e\u00edvala jako insekticid.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Muscaria pat\u0159\u00ed krom\u011b variant Psilocybe a Panaeolus do rodu Amanita z \u010deledi Amanitaceae, kter\u00e1 je shodou okolnost\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou 95% \u00famrt\u00ed na houby v historii. Nen\u00ed v\u0161ak t\u0159eba se ob\u00e1vat, p\u0159esto\u017ee je muchom\u016frka klasifikov\u00e1na jako jedovat\u00e1, ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1znamy o \u00famrt\u00edch v d\u016fsledku jej\u00ed konzumace jsou neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 a je pom\u011brn\u011b snadn\u00e9 u\u010dinit houbu zcela bezpe\u010dnou. Psychoaktivn\u00ed l\u00e1tky v t\u00e9to rodin\u011b hub se tak\u00e9 li\u0161\u00ed od v\u011bt\u0161iny ostatn\u00edch druh\u016f, m\u00edsto psilocybinu jsou \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami muchom\u016frky kyselinou ibotenovou a muscimolem, ale \u00fa\u010dinky na lidskou mysl a t\u011blo jsou do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry stejn\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Kdy\u017e Muscaria vyr\u016fst\u00e1 ze zem\u011b, vypad\u00e1 jako b\u00edl\u00e9 vaj\u00ed\u010dko a je pokryta mal\u00fdmi troj\u00faheln\u00edkov\u00fdmi bradavi\u010dkami od \u017elut\u00e9 po b\u00edlou barvu.Jak Muscaria dozr\u00e1v\u00e1, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 kr\u00e1sn\u011b syt\u00fd a \u010derven\u00fd odst\u00edn, zat\u00edmco bradavice se s r\u016fstem houby st\u00e1vaj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi.Na cest\u011b ke zralosti se klobouk st\u00e1v\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b vej\u010dit\u00fdm a na konci r\u016fstov\u00e9ho cyklu se zplo\u0161t\u00ed jako tal\u00ed\u0159. V pln\u00e9 zralosti m\u016f\u017ee klobouk Muscaria vyr\u016fst od 8 do 20 cm a m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout i v\u00fd\u0161ky 20 cm, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed jeden z v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f magick\u00fdch hub, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt. Muchom\u016frku \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b najdete t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve v\u0161ech \u010d\u00e1stech severn\u00ed polokoule, ale nej\u010dast\u011bji se vyskytuje v kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed Evrop\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":5859,"parent":66886,"menu_order":0,"template":"","topics":[],"class_list":["post-66898","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/66898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/66898\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/66886"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=66898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}