{"id":120527,"date":"2023-04-25T14:37:50","date_gmt":"2023-04-25T12:37:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=120527"},"modified":"2023-05-03T16:35:00","modified_gmt":"2023-05-03T14:35:00","slug":"petijums-kura-ar-matematikas-palidzibu-izskaidro-geometriskas-halucinacijas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/blog\/the-study-that-uses-math-to-explain-geometric-hallucinations\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0113t\u012bjums, kur\u0101 \u0123eometrisko halucin\u0101ciju izskaidro\u0161anai izmantota matem\u0101tika"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vis\u0101 m\u016bsu kop\u012bgaj\u0101 v\u0113stur\u0113 m\u016bs visus saista kop\u012bga pieredze, kas p\u0101rsniedz vietas un laikmetu robe\u017eas. Kaut kas, kas ir mulsin\u0101jis un fascin\u0113jis psihed\u0113lisko vielu lietot\u0101jus no pag\u0101tnes l\u012bdz m\u016bsdien\u0101m - runa, protams, ir par \u0123eometrisk\u0101m vizu\u0101l\u0101m halucin\u0101cij\u0101m.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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izmantojot Wikimedia Commons<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Matem\u0101tik\u0101 ir ma\u0123ija<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Padom\u0101jiet par to! Neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai tas bija senais acteku, j\u016bsu tante 70. gados, vai j\u016bs<\/strong> pag\u0101ju\u0161aj\u0101 ned\u0113\u013c\u0101, iesp\u0113jams, j\u016bs redz\u0113j\u0101t tos pa\u0161us p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161os \u0123eometriskos rakstus, kas izstaroja j\u016bsu redzeslok\u0101. Diezgan psihod\u0113liska doma, vai ne? P\u0101rsniedzot laiku, vietu un identit\u0101ti - k\u0101 sava veida dabas ma\u0123ija. Vai, k\u0101 liecina jaun\u0101kie p\u0113t\u012bjumi, varb\u016bt kaut kas... matem\u0101tisks? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vai esat k\u0101dreiz aizdom\u0101ju\u0161ies, k\u0101p\u0113c psihed\u0113li\u0137i izraisa tik intens\u012bvu halucin\u0101cijas<\/a>? J\u016bs neesat viens. Gadsimtiem ilgi cilv\u0113ki ir m\u0113\u0123in\u0101ju\u0161i atbild\u0113t uz jaut\u0101jumu, k\u0101 psihed\u0113li\u0137i ietekm\u0113 m\u016bsu pr\u0101tu. Tas ir jaut\u0101jums, kas pat m\u016bsdien\u0101s v\u0113l aizvien nesp\u0113j tikt gal\u0101 ar zin\u0101tniskaj\u0101m tehnolo\u0123ij\u0101m. Smadze\u0146u att\u0113lveido\u0161anas tehnolo\u0123ija ir tik att\u012bst\u012bta k\u0101 v\u0113l nekad, un tom\u0113r \u0161is jaut\u0101jums joproj\u0101m turpina mulsin\u0101t zin\u0101tniekus, p\u0113tniekus, psihedel\u012bnus un citus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"P\u0101rsteidzo\u0161as\" vizu\u0101l\u0101s halucin\u0101cijas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A pap\u012brs<\/a> public\u0113ts Karalisk\u0101s biedr\u012bbas \u017eurn\u0101l\u0101 2000. gad\u0101 ar nosaukumu \u0122eometrisk\u0101s vizu\u0101l\u0101s halucin\u0101cijas, Eikl\u012bda simetrija un str\u012bpain\u0101s garozas funkcion\u0101l\u0101 arhitekt\u016bra, <\/em>m\u0113r\u0137is bija izp\u0113t\u012bt, k\u0101p\u0113c m\u0113s redzam \u0161\u012bs formas, kad lietojam psihed\u0113li\u0137us. Port\u0101ls \"p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161s\" <\/em>vizu\u0101l\u0101s halucin\u0101cijas tika iedal\u012btas \u010detr\u0101s grup\u0101s: 1. Re\u017e\u0123i, re\u017e\u0123i, re\u017e\u0123i, fret\u016bras, filigr\u0101ni, bi\u0161u s\u0113jumi un \u0161ahmates. <\/em>2. \"zirnek\u013cu t\u012bkls\".  <\/em>3. \"tune\u013ci, piltuves, alejas, konusi un ku\u0123i\". <\/em>4. \"spir\u0101les\". <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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izmantojot Wikimedia Commons<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Veids, k\u0101 m\u0113s izprotam \u0161\u012bs psihed\u0113li\u0137u izrais\u012bt\u0101s vizu\u0101l\u0101s halucin\u0101cijas, ir balst\u012bts matem\u0101tik\u0101, psiholo\u0123ij\u0101, neirolo\u0123ij\u0101 un kognit\u012bvaj\u0101s zin\u0101tn\u0113s. P\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101 piedal\u012bj\u0101s matem\u0101ti\u0137i no \u010cik\u0101gas, Hj\u016bstonas un J\u016btas universit\u0101t\u0113m, k\u0101 ar\u012b p\u0113tnieki no Salka Biolo\u0123isko p\u0113t\u012bjumu instit\u016bta un NIH. Tas par\u0101d\u012bja, ka \u0123eometrija var\u0113tu b\u016bt atsl\u0113ga, kas atsl\u0113dz atbildes par psihed\u0113lisko halucin\u0101ciju. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101 p\u0113t\u012bjums norit\u0113ja?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0122eometriskos vizu\u0101los att\u0113lus rada striate kortex<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Izmantojot matem\u0101tikas un formas teoriju, p\u0113tnieki izvirz\u012bja hipot\u0113zi, ka m\u016bsu t\u012bklenes redzes garoz\u0101<\/a> un ar to saist\u012bt\u0101s neironu \u0137\u0113des izraisa psihed\u0113liskos vizu\u0101los efektus. Vi\u0146i uzskata, ka tas ir \"savienojumu mode\u013ci\" <\/em> starp \u0161iem elementiem, kas var\u0113tu b\u016bt atbild\u012bgi par \u0161\u012bm halucin\u0101cij\u0101m psihed\u0113lisko vielu lieto\u0161anas laik\u0101. T\u0101 ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta sist\u0113ma, kuru j\u0101atkl\u0101j, ta\u010du tika izdar\u012bti intri\u0123\u0113jo\u0161i atkl\u0101jumi, kurus var\u0113tu turpin\u0101t p\u0113t\u012bt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Hala Gatevuda (Hal Gatewood) fotoatt\u0113ls Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Smadzen\u0113s sv\u012btrot\u0101 garozas garoza<\/a> ir joma, kas ir \u013coti svar\u012bga vizu\u0101l\u0101s inform\u0101cijas at\u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anai. Taj\u0101 ir \u0161\u016bnas, kas \u012bpa\u0161i piel\u0101gotas noteiktiem elementiem. Tie ietver l\u012bnijas, formas, malas un orient\u0101cijas, kas ir sak\u0101rtoti. Tas liek blakus eso\u0161aj\u0101m \u0161\u016bn\u0101m l\u012bdz\u012bgi rea\u0123\u0113t uz \u0161iem elementiem. \u0160\u012b sist\u0113ma atvieglo smadze\u0146u redz\u0113t\u0101 apstr\u0101di. T\u0101 ar\u012b \u013cauj t\u0101m veikt savu darbu ar visaugst\u0101ko efektivit\u0101ti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Halucin\u0101cijas perfekt\u0101 simetrij\u0101<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0122eometrisk\u0101s vizu\u0101l\u0101s halucin\u0101cijas ir halucin\u0101ciju veids, jo t\u0101m rakstur\u012bga \u0123eometrisko rakstu un formu uztvere. \u0160\u012bs vizu\u0101l\u0101s halucin\u0101cijas parasti ietver Eikl\u012bda simetriju. Tas ir simetrijas veids, kas saist\u012bts ar simetrisk\u0101m \u0123eometrisk\u0101m fig\u016br\u0101m un rakstiem - saska\u0146\u0101 ar principiem Eikl\u012bda \u0123eometrija<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Eikl\u012bda \u0123eometrija (izmantojot Wikimedia Commons)<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0160is p\u0113t\u012bjums liecina, ka par \u0161o \u0123eometrisko vizu\u0101lo halucin\u0101ciju ra\u0161anos var\u0113tu b\u016bt atbild\u012bga striate cortex strukt\u016bra. Ja \u0161\u012bs zonas aktivit\u0101te tiek trauc\u0113ta, piem\u0113ram, lietojot psihed\u0113li\u0137us, \u0161\u016bnas, kas tiecas uz konkr\u0113t\u0101m vizu\u0101l\u0101m \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m, tiek izmain\u012btas. (piem\u0113ram, saist\u012bb\u0101 ar Eikl\u012bda simetriju). <\/em>aktiviz\u0113jas un izraisa \u0161\u0101da veida halucin\u0101cijas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160o priek\u0161likumu apstiprina p\u0113t\u012bjumi, kas liecina, ka psihed\u0113li\u0137i, piem\u0113ram, psilocib\u012bns no burvju s\u0113n\u0113m un LSD, var izrais\u012bt \u0123eometriskas vizu\u0101las halucin\u0101cijas, l\u012bdz\u012bgas t\u0101m, ko var izrais\u012bt t\u0101di st\u0101vok\u013ci k\u0101, piem. migr\u0113na<\/a> vai Charles Bonnet sindroms<\/a>. \u0160\u012bm halucin\u0101cij\u0101m m\u0113dz b\u016bt ar\u012b sare\u017e\u0123\u012bti \u0123eometriskie raksti un formas, kas ar\u012b izce\u013cas ar augstu simetrijas pak\u0101pi. Tas pastiprina ideju, ka \u0161\u012bs halucin\u0101cijas var\u0113tu b\u016bt saist\u012btas ar striate kortex funkcion\u0101lo organiz\u0101ciju. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nosl\u0113pums tuvojas atrisin\u0101jumam<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0113t\u012bjums atkl\u0101ja, k\u0101 striate cortex fizisk\u0101 darb\u012bba ir saist\u012bta ar klasisko psihed\u0113lisko \u0123eometrisko halucin\u0101ciju. Joproj\u0101m nav prec\u012bzi zin\u0101ms, kas tie\u0161i izraisa \u0161o saist\u012bbu, ta\u010du \u0161\u012b sist\u0113ma var pal\u012bdz\u0113t mums izprast, k\u0101p\u0113c psihed\u0113li\u0137i vai citas gar\u012bg\u0101s izmai\u0146as var izrais\u012bt \u0161\u0101dus p\u0101rdz\u012bvojumus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101tad, lai gan joproj\u0101m ir nosl\u0113pums, k\u0101p\u0113c tie\u0161i seno acteku, j\u016bsu tante 70. gados, un j\u016bs<\/strong> pag\u0101ju\u0161aj\u0101 ned\u0113\u013c\u0101, redz\u0113ja \u0161os \u0123eometriskos vizu\u0101los att\u0113lus, atrodoties psihod\u0113lisko vielu reibum\u0101, \u0161ie pier\u0101d\u012bjumi noteikti nor\u0101da uz to, ka m\u016bsu vizu\u0101lo uztveri ietekm\u0113 m\u016bsu smadze\u0146u striate kortex strukt\u016bra. Neirologu p\u0113t\u012bjumos ir atkl\u0101ts, ka smadzen\u0113s ir iedzimta priek\u0161roka atpaz\u012bt rakstus un \u0123eometriskas formas. Tas rada paz\u012bstamas formas, kuras m\u016bsu pr\u0101ts instinkt\u012bvi atpaz\u012bst. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jauna izpratne par psihod\u0113lisko pieredzi <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0160ie zin\u0101tniskie atkl\u0101jumi, apvienojum\u0101 ar daudzajiem anekdotiskajiem datiem, ko sniegu\u0161i psihed\u0113liku lietot\u0101ji, var\u0113tu b\u016bt veids, k\u0101 uzlabot m\u016bsu izpratni par to, k\u0101p\u0113c halucin\u0101ciju laik\u0101 tiek nov\u0113roti specifiski vizu\u0101li priek\u0161meti. Lai k\u0101di b\u016btu \u0161\u012bs par\u0101d\u012bbas c\u0113lo\u0146i, \u0161is p\u0113t\u012bjums noteikti noved\u012bs pie jaunas izpratnes par redzes, psihed\u0113lisk\u0101s pieredzes un apzi\u0146as zin\u0101tni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Foto - Harry Quan on Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cilv\u0113ki ir eksperiment\u0113ju\u0161i ar psihed\u0113liskiem l\u012bdzek\u013ciem kop\u0161 neatminamiem laikiem. M\u016bsu senie sen\u010di, t\u0101pat k\u0101 m\u0113s, baudot psihed\u0113liskos augus un s\u0113nes, piedz\u012bvoja gar\u012bgu, emocion\u0101lu un intelektu\u0101lu atmodu. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":120696,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-120527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychedelic-studies"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=120527"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":122163,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120527\/revisions\/122163"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/120696"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=120527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=120527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=120527"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=120527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}