{"id":20110,"date":"2021-12-20T12:46:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T12:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=20110"},"modified":"2023-11-10T15:03:48","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T14:03:48","slug":"ziemas-saulgriezu-divaina-zinatne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/blog\/weird-science-behind-the-winter-solstice\/","title":{"rendered":"Zem ziemas saulgrie\u017eu d\u012bvain\u0101 zin\u0101tne"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0160\u012b savdab\u012bg\u0101 laika grie\u0161an\u0101s dej\u0101 sasniedz kulmin\u0101ciju decembra saulgrie\u017eos, kas paz\u012bstami ar\u012b k\u0101 sv\u0113tki. Ziemas saulgrie\u017ei<\/a> - visbr\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bg\u0101kais laika nogrieznis ziem\u0101!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas tie\u0161i ir Ziemas saulgrie\u017ei? T\u0101 ir dabas par\u0101d\u012bba, kas notiek, kad saule sasniedz savu dienvidu punktu debes\u012bs. \u0160ogad ziemas saulgrie\u017ei notiks otrdien, 2021. gada 21. decembr\u012b, plkst. 15:59 UTC (jeb plkst. 9:59 p\u0113c Latvijas laika).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas notiek saulgrie\u017eu laik\u0101?<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"ziemas
Ziemas saulgrie\u017eu saull\u0113kts plkst. 10:31 Jukon\u0101, Kan\u0101d\u0101. (izmantojot Mikofox Photography | Creative Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Visp\u0101r\u012bgi run\u0101jot, ir divi gal\u0113jie punkti Zemes att\u0101lum\u0101 no Saules, ap kuru t\u0101 ri\u0146\u0137o. Viens, kur\u0101 m\u0113s p\u0101rvietojamies vistuv\u0101k Saules gigantam, punkts, kas paz\u012bstams ar nosaukumu Vasaras saulgrie\u017ei<\/a><\/strong>; un v\u0113l viens, kur\u0101 m\u0113s no t\u0101 esam vist\u0101l\u0101k, saukts par Ziemas saulgrie\u017eiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pirm\u0101s cilv\u0113ku ciltis v\u0113roja Saules ce\u013cojumu pa debes\u012bm. T\u0101 vi\u0146i uzzin\u0101ja, ka dienas gaismas ilgums un prec\u012bzas saull\u0113kta un saull\u0113kta vietas main\u0101s p\u0113c noteikta parauga un atk\u0101rtojas katru ra\u017eas gadu. \u0160\u0101das zin\u0101\u0161anas var redz\u0113t senajos cilv\u0113ku rad\u012btajos br\u012bnumos, piem\u0113ram, Stounhend\u017e\u0101. (baumo, ka t\u0101 ir vieta Druids<\/a> piel\u016bgsme<\/strong>)<\/em> un drupas Ma\u010du Pik\u010du<\/a><\/strong> Peru. Abiem \u0161iem un l\u012bdz\u012bgiem pieminek\u013ciem bija viens praktisks m\u0113r\u0137is - katru gadu sekot l\u012bdzi saules virz\u012bbai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kop\u0161 t\u0101 laika zin\u0101tne ir krietni pavirz\u012bjusies uz priek\u0161u, un l\u012bdz ar to ar\u012b m\u016bsu izpratne par saulgrie\u017eiem. Ra\u0137e\u0161u ku\u0123i un citi kosmosa laikmeta ku\u0123i uz gaisa spilvena - piem\u0113ram, Starptautisk\u0101 kosmosa stacija, lai nosauktu liel\u0101ko no tiem - ir \u013c\u0101vu\u0161i cilv\u0113kiem v\u0113rot abus saulgrie\u017eus no kosmosa skatu punkta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cik \u013coti Zeme sasveras ap savu asi?<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Zemes
Zemes sl\u012bpums pret t\u0101s asi, skatoties no Saules. (izmantojot Dna-webmaster | Wikimedia Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tagad m\u0113s zin\u0101m, ka saulgrie\u017ei ir t\u0101ds pats astronomisks notikums k\u0101 jebkur\u0161 cits, nevis tikai nejau\u0161s v\u0113stnesis par kara\u013cu n\u0101vi, k\u0101 tas ir noticis, piem\u0113ram. Saules aptumsumi k\u0101dreiz bija<\/a><\/strong>. Zin\u0101tnieki ir noskaidroju\u0161i, ka saulgrie\u017ei ir dabisks Zemes ass sl\u012bpuma un t\u0101s ri\u0146\u0137o\u0161anas ap Sauli rezult\u0101ts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lieta ir t\u0101da. Vai esat paman\u012bju\u0161i, ka m\u016bsdienu globusi klas\u0113 nav novietoti vertik\u0101l\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b? Tas ir t\u0101p\u0113c, ka paties\u0101 plan\u0113ta Zeme, uz kuras tie ir veidoti, ir sasv\u0113rusies ap savu asi par 23 \u00bd gr\u0101diem. Gada laik\u0101 \u0161is sl\u012bpums \"p\u0101rmai\u0146us\" nosaka, cik daudz saules siltuma un gaismas sa\u0146em attiec\u012bgi zieme\u013cu un dienvidu puslodes. Ziemu un vasaru mums nesag\u0101d\u0101 m\u016bsu att\u0101lums no Saules - tas ir Zemes sl\u012bpums jeb tas, k\u0101 plan\u0113ta noliecas no Saules mil\u017ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di katra gada beig\u0101s m\u0113s paties\u012bb\u0101 atrodamies vistuv\u0101k Saulei, nevis vist\u0101l\u0101k no t\u0101s. M\u0113s, kas esam silt\u0101s m\u0113tel\u0113s, to vienk\u0101r\u0161i t\u0101 neuztveram, jo ziem\u0101... viss<\/em> Zemes aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101 puse atrodas vist\u0101l\u0101k no Saules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ziemas saulgrie\u017ei: \u012as\u0101k\u0101 diena, gar\u0101k\u0101 nakts <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ziemas saulgrie\u017eu laik\u0101 Zeme nosaka savu novietojumu t\u0101, ka saule paliek zem Zieme\u013cpola horizonta. Pusdienlaik\u0101 da\u017eus gr\u0101dus uz dienvidiem no ekvatora - prec\u012bz\u0101k, 23 \u00bd gr\u0101dus - saule sp\u012bd tie\u0161i uz tiem, kas dz\u012bvo neredzamaj\u0101 l\u012bnij\u0101, ko sauc par \"Zemessl\u0101ni\". Kozoroga tropiks<\/a><\/strong>. Tas ir vist\u0101l\u0101k uz plan\u0113tas, cik t\u0101lu vien saule sp\u012bd\u0113s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas notiek? Visas vietas zem<\/em> ekvator\u0101 dienas ilgst vair\u0101k nek\u0101 12 stundas. Tiem, kas dz\u012bvo virs<\/em> Savuk\u0101rt uz ekvatora diennakts ilgums ir maz\u0101ks par 12 stund\u0101m. Sniegotajos re\u0123ionos vis\u012bs\u0101k\u0101 diena ir ziemas saulgrie\u017eos. Bet p\u0113c saulgrie\u017eiem? J\u016bs varat sagaid\u012bt pret\u0113ju par\u0101d\u012bbu: gar\u0101kas dienas un \u012bs\u0101kas naktis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ir diezgan gr\u016bti ignor\u0113t p\u0113k\u0161\u0146o gadalaiku mai\u0146u - it k\u0101 daba b\u016btu iesl\u0113gusi \u012bsto ziemas sl\u0113dzi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dabas z\u012bmes, kas signaliz\u0113 par ziemas saulgrie\u017eiem<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dab\u0101 ir daudz z\u012bmju, kas v\u0113sta par ziemas saulgrie\u017eu tuvo\u0161anos, ja vien jums ir acis, lai to saskat\u012btu. Piem\u0113ram, ja dz\u012bvojat zieme\u013cu puslod\u0113, j\u016bs paman\u012bsiet, ka r\u012btausma ir atn\u0101kusi v\u0113l\u0101k nek\u0101 parasti, bet saulriets - agr\u0101k. Ar\u012b saule dienas laik\u0101 \u0161\u0137iet, ka t\u0101 vairs \"nepace\u013cas\" pa debes\u012bm tik augstu k\u0101 agr\u0101k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u016bk, k\u0101ds atjaut\u012bgs triks, ko izm\u0113\u0123in\u0101t, kad nolemjat saul\u0113 uzelpot \u0101r\u0101. Pusdienlaik\u0101 paskatieties uz savu \u0113nu. Tai vajadz\u0113tu b\u016bt gada gar\u0101kajai dienas \u0113nai - tas iesp\u0113jams tikai ziemas saulgrie\u017eu laik\u0101!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"gar\u0101
Ziemas saulgrie\u017eu dien\u0101 gaid\u0101ma gada gar\u0101k\u0101 \u0113na. (izmantojot Creative Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tiem, kas dz\u012bvo dienvidu puslod\u0113, decembra saulgrie\u017ei izskat\u0101s pret\u0113ji. Saull\u0113kts n\u0101k agri, saulriets n\u0101k v\u0113lu, nosl\u0113dzot gada gar\u0101ko dienu. Cilv\u0113kiem, kas dz\u012bvo zem ekvatora, pusdienlaika \u0113na ir vis\u012bs\u0101k\u0101 gada laik\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saules laiks pret pulkste\u0146a laiku <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"saules
Saules pulkste\u0146i, iesp\u0113jams, ir izg\u0101ju\u0161i no modes, ta\u010du tie patieso Saules laiku r\u0101da lab\u0101k nek\u0101 \"\u012bstie\" pulkste\u0146i! (izmantojot Wikimedia Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101tad, lai vienreiz un uz visiem laikiem noskaidrotu - ziemas saulgrie\u017ei ir gada \u012bs\u0101k\u0101 diena tiem, kas dz\u012bvo virs ekvatora, un gar\u0101k\u0101 diena tiem, kas dz\u012bvo zem ekvatora. Bet, ja j\u016bs dz\u012bvojat pasaules zieme\u013cu pus\u0113, saulgrie\u017eu diena ir visilg\u0101k\u0101 diena. agr\u0101kais saulriets<\/em> faktiski notiek pirms ziemas saulgrie\u017eiem. Tas pats attiecas uz dienvidu puslodes iedz\u012bvot\u0101jiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u016bk, k\u0101p\u0113c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Re\u0101lais saules ce\u013cojums pa debes\u012bm nesakr\u012bt ar pulkste\u0146a r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101jiem. T\u0101 viet\u0101 jums vajadz\u0113tu atsaukties uz to, ko eksperti sauc par patiesais saules pusdienlaiks<\/a><\/em><\/strong>vai konkr\u0113tais diennakts laiks, kad saule sp\u012bd tie\u0161i virs j\u016bsu galvas. Ziniet, ne vienm\u0113r pusdienlaiks ir pulksten 12!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Decembra pirmaj\u0101s ned\u0113\u013c\u0101s patiesais Saules pusdienlaiks p\u0113c pulkste\u0146a r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101jiem iest\u0101jas gandr\u012bz 10 min\u016btes agr\u0101k nek\u0101 ziemas saulgrie\u017eos. Ta\u010du saulgrie\u017eos, 21. decembr\u012b, patiesais pusdienlaiks iest\u0101jas daudz v\u0113l\u0101k - kop\u0101 ar saull\u0113ktu un saulrietu dien\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012b d\u012bvain\u0101 at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba starp saules un pulkste\u0146a laiku ir iemesls, k\u0101p\u0113c agr\u0101kais saulriets virs ekvatora (un agr\u0101kais saull\u0113kts tiem, kas atrodas zem ekvatora) iest\u0101jas pirms ziemas saulgrie\u017eiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u012bvaini, vai ne? Par to var vainot Zemes ass sl\u012bpumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gar iegareno orb\u012btu <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"iegarena
izmantojot Creative Commons<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u0113l viens elements, kas nosaka at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbu starp Saules laiku un pulkste\u0146a laiku, ir Zemes eliptisk\u0101 orb\u012bta ap Sauli, kas ir iegarenas formas orb\u012bta. Paturiet pr\u0101t\u0101, ka m\u016bsu zil\u0101s plan\u0113tas orb\u012bta nav \u012bsts aplis. T\u0101tad, jo tuv\u0101k Zeme grie\u017eas ap Sauli, jo \u0101tr\u0101k t\u0101 ri\u0146\u0137o pa savu orb\u012btu. Plan\u0113ta ir sac\u012bk\u0161u automa\u0161\u012bna, kas pa\u0101trina aprites procesu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Janv\u0101ra s\u0101kum\u0101 Zeme non\u0101k tuv\u0101kaj\u0101 poz\u012bcij\u0101 ar Sauli. \u0160o neredzamo punktu kosmos\u0101 sauc par Perihelijs<\/a><\/strong>. Ta\u010du pirms tam plan\u0113ta vis\u0101tr\u0101k peld orb\u012bt\u0101 ap ziemas saulgrie\u017eiem. \u0100tr\u0101k par parasto \u0101trumu - aptuveni 30 km sekund\u0113. (vai 19 j\u016bdzes sekund\u0113)<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turpret\u012b vasaras saulgrie\u017eu laik\u0101 j\u016bnij\u0101 pulkste\u0146a laiks sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar saules laiku daudz neat\u0161\u0137iras. Galvenok\u0101rt t\u0101p\u0113c, ka m\u0113s esam daudz t\u0101l\u0101k no saules un \"nepa\u0101trin\u0101mies\" uz neredzam\u0101s elipses kosmos\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2021 Ziemas saulgrie\u017ei <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0160ogad ziemas saulgrie\u017ei iest\u0101sies otrdien, 2021. gada 21. decembr\u012b plkst. 15:59 UTC. \u0160is notikums ir pirm\u0101 ziemas diena zieme\u013cu puslod\u0113. (\u012bs\u0101k\u0101 diena)<\/em> un gar\u0101k\u0101 diena dienvidu puslod\u0113.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ziemas saulgrie\u017eu d\u012bvain\u0101 zin\u0101tne ir vienk\u0101r\u0161a: agr\u0101kais saulriets ir decembra s\u0101kum\u0101, \u012bs\u0101k\u0101 diena ziemas saulgrie\u017eos ap 22. decembri, bet v\u0113l\u0101kais saull\u0113kts ir janv\u0101r\u012b. Prec\u012bzs datums, kad saule uzsp\u012bd visagr\u0101k, vienm\u0113r b\u016bs atkar\u012bgs no t\u0101, cik augstu virs ekvatora j\u016bs dz\u012bvojat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un t\u0101 tas turpin\u0101sies l\u012bdz n\u0101kamajam un n\u0101kamajam gadam...<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zieme\u013cu puslodes iedz\u012bvot\u0101ji, iesp\u0113jams, ir paman\u012bju\u0161i gar\u0101kas naktis un \u012bs\u0101kas dienas pag\u0101ju\u0161aj\u0101 ned\u0113\u013c\u0101. Savuk\u0101rt cilv\u0113ki, kas dz\u012bvo dienvidu puslod\u0113, izj\u016bt pret\u0113jo pusi: \u012bs\u0101kas naktis un gar\u0101kas dienas. Kas no t\u0101 izriet?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":20112,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[69],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-20110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychedelic-culture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20110"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":161270,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20110\/revisions\/161270"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20110"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=20110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}