{"id":216305,"date":"2024-11-05T10:35:45","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T09:35:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=216305"},"modified":"2024-11-05T10:35:49","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T09:35:49","slug":"neskatoties-uz-to-ka-senei-nav-smadzenu-si-sene-spej-atpazit-formas-pienemt-lemumus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/blog\/despite-having-no-brain-this-fungus-can-recognize-shapes-make-decisions\/","title":{"rendered":"Neskatoties uz to, ka \u0161im s\u0113n\u012btim nav smadze\u0146u, tas sp\u0113j atpaz\u012bt formas un pie\u0146emt l\u0113mumus"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vai organismiem bez smadzen\u0113m var b\u016bt intelekta paz\u012bmes?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Izr\u0101d\u0101s, ka j\u0101, da\u017ei var. Un atkal t\u0101s ir s\u0113nes, kas liek zin\u0101tniekiem p\u0101rdom\u0101t. viss. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
ne tikai s\u0113ne, bet ar\u012b gudrs puisis<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tohoku Universit\u0101tes un Nagaoka koled\u017eas p\u0113tnieki veica p\u0113t\u012bjums<\/a> lai izm\u0113r\u012btu l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas procesus s\u0113n\u0113s, un, to darot, atkl\u0101ja sare\u017e\u0123\u012btu un inteli\u0123entu nov\u0113roto \u012bpat\u0146u uzved\u012bbu. \u0160ie revolucion\u0101rie rezult\u0101ti ap\u0161auba m\u016bsu pa\u0161reiz\u0113jo izpratni par vienk\u0101r\u0161u organismu izzi\u0146u.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0113tnieki p\u0113t\u012bja neskaidru s\u0113ni, ko sauc par Phanerochaete velutina, <\/em>augu patog\u0113ns, kas infic\u0113 persiku un nektar\u012bnu kokus. Veicot eksperimentus, vi\u0146i atkl\u0101ja, ka s\u0113ne var ne tikai atpaz\u012bt formas, bet pat nodot inform\u0101ciju par apk\u0101rt\u0113jo vidi vis\u0101 mic\u0113lija t\u012bkl\u0101. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

mic\u0113lijs: S\u0113\u0146u t\u012bkls zem zemes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pirms m\u0113s turpin\u0101m iepaz\u012bties ar aizraujo\u0161ajiem s\u0113\u0146u atradumiem, \u0161eit ir neliels atsvaidzin\u0101jums par to, kas paties\u012bb\u0101 ir mic\u0113lijs:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0113n\u012btes aug un vairojas, izdalot sporas<\/a>, kas (cerams)<\/em> d\u012bgst un zem zemes p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161as par gariem, baltiem, zirnek\u013cainiem pavedieniem. To sauc par mic\u0113lijs<\/strong>. Redzot s\u0113ni, kas izaugusi no zemes, j\u016bs, iesp\u0113jams, pat nenojau\u0161at, ka zem t\u0101s atrodas pla\u0161s savstarp\u0113ji savienotu mic\u0113lija t\u012bklu. S\u0113ne ir tikai organisma \"zieds\" vairo\u0161an\u0101s vajadz\u012bb\u0101m - t\u0101 noteikti nav visa s\u0113ne! Tie\u0161i caur \u0161o gudro mic\u0113lija t\u012bklu var apmain\u012bties ar inform\u0101ciju, l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 nervu savienojumi smadzen\u0113s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Mic\u0113lijs (izmantojot Wikimedia Commons)<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\"J\u016bs b\u016bsiet p\u0101rsteigti, cik daudz ko sp\u0113j s\u0113nes...\"<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tohoku Universit\u0101tes me\u017ea ekolo\u0123ijas asoci\u0113tais profesors Ju Fukasawa sav\u0101 pazi\u0146ojum\u0101 teica;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"J\u016bs b\u016bsiet p\u0101rsteigti, cik daudz ko sp\u0113j s\u0113nes... T\u0101m ir atmi\u0146as, t\u0101s m\u0101c\u0101s un sp\u0113j pie\u0146emt l\u0113mumus. Atkl\u0101ti sakot, at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas to, k\u0101 t\u0101s risina probl\u0113mas, sal\u012bdzinot ar cilv\u0113kiem, ir satrieco\u0161as.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101 tika veikts p\u0113t\u012bjums?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Eksperimenti, kas detaliz\u0113ti aprakst\u012bti \u017eurn\u0101l\u0101 public\u0113taj\u0101 rakst\u0101. S\u0113n\u012b\u0161u ekolo\u0123ija, <\/em>notika \u0161\u0101di;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fukasawa un vi\u0146a kol\u0113\u0123i sak\u0101rtoja mazus koka kluc\u012b\u0161us da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s form\u0101s un veidojumos un \u013c\u0101va izveidot t\u012bklu no  P. veluntina <\/em>mic\u0113lijs (kas m\u012bl grauzt koksni) <\/em>ir piepild\u012bju\u0161ies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tas ir tas, kur tas ieguva tie\u0161\u0101m <\/em>interesanti... P\u0113tnieki nov\u0113roja, ka mic\u0113lijs, \u0161\u0137iet, pie\u0146em m\u0113r\u0137tiec\u012bgus l\u0113mumus atkar\u012bb\u0101 no t\u0101, k\u0101 izvietoti koka kluc\u012b\u0161i. T\u0101 viet\u0101, lai vienk\u0101r\u0161i izplat\u012btos no centr\u0101l\u0101 punkta, ne\u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 koka kluc\u012b\u0161u izvietojumu, tie sekoja to veido\u0161anai.. P\u0113tnieki uzskata, ka tas liecina par rudiment\u0101ru inteli\u0123ences l\u012bmeni un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas prasm\u0113m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0113ne var\u0113ja atpaz\u012bt formas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

P\u0113tnieki nov\u0113roja, ka s\u0113ne, \u0161\u0137iet, sp\u0113j atpaz\u012bt formas. Piem\u0113ram, ja bloki bija sak\u0101rtoti krustveida rakst\u0101, mic\u0113lijs atpazina, kur atrodas gal\u0113jie bloki, un, \u0161\u0137iet, pazi\u0146oja par \u0161o sak\u0101rtojumu p\u0101r\u0113jam t\u012bklam. \u0160ajos gal\u0113jos blokos savienojuma pak\u0101pe bija liel\u0101ka, kas p\u0113tniekiem \u013c\u0101va izvirz\u012bt hipot\u0113zi, ka \u0161ie bloki kalpoja k\u0101 \"priek\u0161poste\u0146i\" mic\u0113lija t\u012bklam bar\u012bbas mekl\u0113\u0161anas eksped\u012bcij\u0101m, jo t\u0101m b\u016btu nepiecie\u0161ams bl\u012bv\u0101ks savienojums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tad, kad bloki tika sak\u0101rtoti apl\u012b, mic\u0113lijs necent\u0101s ieaugt centr\u0101, kas liecin\u0101ja, ka tas bija sapratis, ka tur nav bloku, ko \u0113st. Turkl\u0101t savienojuma pak\u0101pe katram blokam bija vien\u0101da, jo bloki bija vien\u0101d\u0101 att\u0101lum\u0101 no centra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Att\u0113la piekl\u0101j\u012bba: Yu Fukasawa et al.<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0160ie atkl\u0101jumi liecina, ka s\u0113\u0146u mic\u0113lijs var \"atpaz\u012bt\" koksnes klu\u010du telpisk\u0101 izvietojuma at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas, kas ir da\u013ca no t\u0101, k\u0101 notiek koksnes p\u016b\u0161ana,\".<\/em> raksta p\u0113tnieki. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101 s\u0113nes pal\u012bdz izprast pasauli<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

P\u0113tnieki cer, ka vi\u0146u atkl\u0101jumi var\u0113tu veicin\u0101t progresu da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s jom\u0101s. Tas ietver ar\u012b citu mikroskopisko organismu, piem\u0113ram, g\u013cotu pel\u0113jumu, izp\u0113ti. (kas l\u012bdz\u012bgi uzr\u0101da pamata inteli\u0123ences l\u012bmeni), <\/em>biolo\u0123iskajiem datoriem, ko darbina smadze\u0146u organo\u012bdu kult\u016bras<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u0146i piebilda;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"S\u0113\u0146u mic\u0113lija funkcion\u0101l\u0101 noz\u012bme var sniegt ieskatu bezsmadze\u0146u organismu primit\u012bv\u0101 intelekta izp\u0113t\u0113, t\u0101 ekolo\u0123isk\u0101s ietekmes izpratn\u0113 un biolo\u0123isko datoru izstr\u0101d\u0113,\". <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160obr\u012bd m\u016bsu izpratne par s\u0113\u0146u pasauli ir diezgan ierobe\u017eota, t\u0101 ir nosl\u0113pums, sal\u012bdzinot ar m\u016bsu izpratni par augiem un dz\u012bvniekiem. \u0160\u0101di p\u0113t\u012bjumi var\u0113tu pal\u012bdz\u0113t mums atkl\u0101t lielas nezin\u0101m\u0101s, piem\u0113ram, k\u0101 organismos att\u012bst\u012bjusies apzi\u0146a un izzi\u0146a. M\u0113s tik daudz ko nezin\u0101m par Visumu, un \u0161\u0137iet, ka s\u0113nes var pal\u012bdz\u0113t mums m\u016bsu izpratnes mekl\u0113jumos.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Foto - Greg Rakozy on Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jap\u0101nas p\u0113tnieki, p\u0113tot k\u0101du neskaidru s\u0113ni, ir izdar\u012bju\u0161i visai trikus\u012bgu atkl\u0101jumu. Lai gan s\u0113nei nav smadze\u0146u, tika atkl\u0101ts, ka tai piem\u012bt t\u0101das intelekta izpausmes k\u0101 l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161ana, atmi\u0146a un m\u0101c\u012b\u0161an\u0101s. N\u0113, tas nav jaunas zin\u0101tnisk\u0101s fantastikas filmas si\u017eets! Lasiet t\u0101l\u0101k, lai uzzin\u0101tu vair\u0101k...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":216441,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133,88],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-216305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-philosophy-and-spirituality","category-psychedelic-studies"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216305","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=216305"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216305\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":216322,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216305\/revisions\/216322"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/216441"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=216305"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=216305"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=216305"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=216305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}