{"id":57080,"date":"2022-04-27T22:28:50","date_gmt":"2022-04-27T20:28:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=57080"},"modified":"2023-11-12T11:32:32","modified_gmt":"2023-11-12T10:32:32","slug":"top-10-navejosakas-senes-uz-planetas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/blog\/top-10-deadliest-mushrooms-on-the-planet\/","title":{"rendered":"Top 10 n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161\u0101k\u0101s s\u0113nes uz plan\u0113tas"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<p>Neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, pie kura mikologa, s\u0113\u0146u audz\u0113t\u0101ja vai s\u0113\u0146ot\u0101ja j\u016bs v\u0113rs\u012bsieties, pirmo reizi s\u0113\u0146ojot, jums tiks sniegti vieni un tie pa\u0161i pamatpadomi. Ta\u010du pozit\u012bva s\u0113\u0146u noteik\u0161ana var b\u016bt bied\u0113jo\u0161a: ne vienm\u0113r t\u0101 ir pastaiga park\u0101. <em>(vai me\u017es!?)<\/em>. S\u0113\u0146u eksperti ir uzskait\u012bju\u0161i aptuveni 14 000 da\u017e\u0101du s\u0113\u0146u sugu pasaul\u0113, kas iedal\u012btas vair\u0101k\u0101s da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s \u0123int\u012bs. <em>(daudzskaitl\u012b \"\u0123ints\")<\/em>. S\u0113\u0146u \u0123ints parasti ietver gan \u0113damas, gan ne\u0113damas sugas. Diem\u017e\u0113l daudzas no t\u0101m no pirm\u0101 acu uzmetiena ir gandr\u012bz neat\u0161\u0137iramas viena no otras. K\u0101 atpaz\u012bt dro\u0161\u0101s un \u0113dam\u0101s s\u0113nes no n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161aj\u0101m, kas aug mitr\u0101 augsn\u0113?<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-to-spot-a-deadly-mushroom\"><strong>K\u0101 paman\u012bt n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161u s\u0113ni<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Ja uz\u0137erat k\u0101du interesantu s\u0113ni, ir da\u017eas paz\u012bmes, p\u0113c kur\u0101m to var viegl\u0101k noteikt k\u0101 dro\u0161u vai ind\u012bgu. M\u0113s esam padzi\u013cin\u0101ti aprakst\u012bju\u0161i \u0161o procesu m\u016bsu noder\u012bgaj\u0101 gr\u0101mat\u0101.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/emuars\/senu-mednieku-celvedis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>burvju s\u0113\u0146u mednieka ce\u013cvedis<\/b><\/a>. Viena lieta, ko paman\u012bsiet uzreiz, ir t\u0101, ka visvair\u0101k \u0113damo sugu, piem\u0113ram. <em>Psilocybe cubensis,<\/em> jeb \"burvju s\u0113nes\", \u0101r\u0113ji neuzr\u0101da superdefinit\u012bvas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas. . <em>ne\u0113dami<\/em>, no otras puses, t\u0101m bie\u017ei vien ir iez\u012bmes, kas cit\u0101m rad\u012bb\u0101m liek aizr\u0101d\u012bt, lai t\u0101s atst\u0101j mier\u0101. Da\u017eas no \u0161\u012bm fiziskaj\u0101m \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m ir \u0161\u0101das:<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Baltas \u017eaunu kr\u0101sas kl\u0101tb\u016btne bie\u017ei vien liecina, ka s\u0113ne ir ind\u012bga. Tas pats attiecas uz s\u0113n\u0113m ar gredzenotiem k\u0101ti\u0146iem un s\u0113n\u0113m ar \"pl\u012bvuru\".<em> (jeb volva)<\/em> apsedz aug\u013c\u0137ermeni. Da\u017ek\u0101rt s\u0113ne ir pasl\u0113pta zem augsnes, t\u0101p\u0113c, lai to paman\u012btu, ir lietder\u012bgi apk\u0101pt s\u0113nes pamatni.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/fly-agaric-amanita-muscaria-1.jpg\" alt=\"mu\u0161mirte amanita muscaria s\u0113ne amanita muscaria\" class=\"wp-image-161603\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/fly-agaric-amanita-muscaria-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/fly-agaric-amanita-muscaria-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/fly-agaric-amanita-muscaria-1-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/fly-agaric-amanita-muscaria-1-600x399.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">caur Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Spilgti sarkani s\u0113\u0146u cepur\u012btes vai k\u0101ti\u0146i var liecin\u0101t par indi vai halucinog\u0113niem s\u0113\u0146u iek\u0161pus\u0113. .<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amanita_muscaria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">lidot agaric mushroo<\/a><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amanita_muscaria\">m<\/a> <em>(Amanita muscaria)<\/em> signaliz\u0113 gan vienu, gan otru, tom\u0113r \u0161amanisk\u0101s kult\u016bras to ir lietoju\u0161as jau t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu. \u0160\u012bs v\u012bzijas mekl\u0113jo\u0161\u0101s <em>Amanita<\/em> \u0113d\u0101ji ir Sib\u012brijas ciltis, jap\u0101\u0146u ciemati un senie vikingi.<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/emuars\/vai-vikingu-karaviri-kaujas-lietoja-burvju-senes\/\">karot\u0101ji<\/a><\/strong> piem\u0113ram. <em>Zieme\u013cnieks<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0160ie, protams, ir tikai da\u017ei padomi, un tos nevajadz\u0113tu uztvert k\u0101 pamudin\u0101jumu pa\u0161iem v\u0101kt s\u0113nes. Ta\u010du, zinot, kuras sugas ir \u012bpa\u0161i b\u012bstamas, vienm\u0113r ir lietder\u012bgi \u0146emt l\u012bdzi n\u0101kamo ce\u013cojumu.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/emuars\/9-20-diena-burvju-senes-dzive\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ra\u017eas nov\u0101k\u0161anas sezona<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0145emot to v\u0113r\u0101, esam izveidoju\u0161i sarakstu ar 10 b\u012bstam\u0101kaj\u0101m s\u0113n\u0113m uz plan\u0113tas, no kur\u0101m jums b\u016btu j\u0101izvair\u0101s par katru cenu, ja ar t\u0101m sastapsieties. S\u0101kot no vismaz\u0101k draudz\u012bgaj\u0101m s\u0113\u0146u sug\u0101m l\u012bdz maldino\u0161i skaistaj\u0101m s\u0113n\u0113m. <em>E\u0146\u0123e\u013ci <\/em>dro\u0161as n\u0101ves...<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-10-gyromitra-esculenta-false-morel\"><strong>10. Gyromitra Esculenta <em>(False Morel)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.allrecipes.com\/article\/what-are-morel-mushrooms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Moreles<\/a><\/strong>, jo \u012bpa\u0161i par <em>patiess<\/em> \u0161\u0137irnes s\u0113nes ir pla\u0161i iecien\u012btas gar\u0161as d\u0113\u013c un tiek uzskat\u012btas par \u0113damu s\u0113\u0146u uzkodu. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/False_morel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Viltus moreles<\/a><\/strong>savuk\u0101rt satur indi, un no tiem ir j\u0101izvair\u0101s k\u0101 no potenci\u0101la delikateses produkta. Lai gan t\u0101s sugas nosaukums <em>\"esculenta\"<\/em> lat\u012b\u0146u valod\u0101 noz\u012bm\u0113 \"gar\u0161\u012bgs\", <em>Gyromitra esculenta<\/em> nedr\u012bkst sajaukt ar p\u0101rtiku. Zieme\u013camerik\u0101 var atrast aptuveni asto\u0146as l\u012bdz desmit sugas. <em>Gyromitra<\/em>, Eirop\u0101 ir divas vai tr\u012bs sugas.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"412\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gyromitra_esculenta-_The_False_Morel_32391377070.jpg\" alt=\"Gyromitra Esculenta (viltus morele)\" class=\"wp-image-161606\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gyromitra_esculenta-_The_False_Morel_32391377070.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gyromitra_esculenta-_The_False_Morel_32391377070-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gyromitra_esculenta-_The_False_Morel_32391377070-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gyromitra_esculenta-_The_False_Morel_32391377070-600x386.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">izmantojot Wikipedia Commons <\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Pret\u0113ji zin\u0101tnieku ieteikumiem Eiropas gard\u0113\u017ei bie\u017ei vien iek\u0101ro viltus moreli. Diem\u017e\u0113l \u0161\u0101da veida gastronomisk\u0101 zi\u0146k\u0101r\u012bba ir izrais\u012bjusi aptuveni 2 l\u012bdz 4 procentus no visiem ar s\u0113n\u0113m saist\u012btajiem n\u0101ves gad\u012bjumiem. J\u016bs jaut\u0101jat, kas ir \u0137\u012bmiskais vaininieks? \u0122iromitr\u012bns, savienojums, kas cilv\u0113ka organism\u0101 p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161as par monometilhidraz\u012bnu. <em>Diezgan daudz mutes, vai ne? <\/em>T\u0101 ir t\u0101das pa\u0161as \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s strukt\u016bras k\u0101 ra\u0137e\u0161u degviela. Lai gan da\u017ei r\u016bp\u012bgi kontrol\u0113ti gatavo\u0161anas apst\u0101k\u013ci var pal\u012bdz\u0113t \"ekstrah\u0113t\" \u0161o \u0137\u012bmisko vielu, neapstr\u0101d\u0101tu viltus morelu \u0113\u0161ana noteikti saind\u0113s j\u016bsu zarnas.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Jautrs fakts! Vai zin\u0101j\u0101t, ka, viltus moreli p\u0101rtvaic\u0113jot, izdal\u0101s \u0161okol\u0101des smar\u017ea? Tas ir t\u0101p\u0113c, ka gromitr\u012bns iztvaiko kop\u0101 ar indi. Neapstr\u0101d\u0101tu viltus moreli v\u0101ra tr\u012bs reizes, katli\u0146u katru reizi p\u0101rlejot ar t\u012bru \u016bdeni. Ar\u012b tad t\u0101 Kadberijas smar\u017e\u012bgie izgarojumi var izrais\u012bt saslim\u0161anu. Ar\u012b v\u0101r\u012b\u0161ana reti kad ir dro\u0161a, jo v\u0101r\u012btaj\u0101s s\u0113n\u0113s var palikt indes p\u0113das.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>K\u0101p\u0113c ne pa\u0113st k\u0101du&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/emuars\/ka-pagatavot-sokolades-senes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0161okol\u0101d\u0113 iet\u012btas burvju trifeles<\/a><b>,<\/b> t\u0101 viet\u0101?<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-9-podostroma-cornu-damae-poison-fire-coral-nbsp\"><strong>9. Podostroma Cornu-damae <em>(Indes uguns kora\u013c\u013ci)&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Amatieri s\u0113\u0146ot\u0101ji vai vismaz tie, kas jau agr\u0101k ir v\u0101ku\u0161i s\u0113nes, zina, ka ir mu\u013c\u0137\u012bgi \u0113st savva\u013cas s\u0113nes, pirms tam nep\u0101rliecinoties, vai t\u0101s nav b\u012bstamas. Tom\u0113r ir k\u0101da s\u0113\u0146u suga, kas, k\u0101 zi\u0146ots, ir kait\u012bga pat vesel\u012bbai. <em>touch<\/em>: <em>Podostroma cornu-damae<\/em>, ko sauc ar\u012b par <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Podostroma_cornu-damae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Indes uguns kora\u013c\u013ci<\/a><\/strong>. Indes avots ir trihotec\u0113na mikotoks\u012bni, kas, iek\u013c\u016bstot \u0101das por\u0101s, var izrais\u012bt piet\u016bkumu un kairin\u0101jumu.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"857\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Podostroma_cornu-damae.jpg\" alt=\"Podostroma Cornu-damae (Inde Fire Coral)\u00a0\" class=\"wp-image-161609\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Podostroma_cornu-damae.jpg 857w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Podostroma_cornu-damae-300x165.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Podostroma_cornu-damae-768x421.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Podostroma_cornu-damae-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Podostroma_cornu-damae-600x329.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 857px) 100vw, 857px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Podostroma cornu-damae jeb indes uguns kora\u013c\u013ci. (Foto: Wikimedia Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Ja jums izdosies izdz\u012bvot, tikai pateicoties veiksmei, \u0113dot ind\u012bgo uguns kora\u013c\u013cu aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146us, ce\u013cojums uz neatliekam\u0101s medic\u012bnisk\u0101s pal\u012bdz\u012bbas noda\u013cu ir garant\u0113ts. Cietu\u0161ie ir zi\u0146oju\u0161i par da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m paz\u012bm\u0113m, piem\u0113ram, \u0101das lob\u012b\u0161anos, matu izkri\u0161anu kupen\u0101m, v\u0101jaj\u0101m kust\u012bb\u0101m un neskaidru runu, smadzen\u012b\u0161u sarau\u0161anos un krasu balto asins \u0161\u016bnu un tromboc\u012btu skaita samazin\u0101\u0161anos. Ja netiek veikta \u0101rst\u0113\u0161ana, ind\u012bgo uguns kora\u013c\u013cu toks\u012bni var izrais\u012bt org\u0101nu darb\u012bbas p\u0101rtrauk\u0161anu, kas noved pie nekrozes un galu gal\u0101 n\u0101ves.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Simptomi ne vienm\u0113r par\u0101d\u0101s vienlaic\u012bgi. Cilv\u0113ks, kur\u0161 nav tie\u0161i \u0113dis <em>Podostroma<\/em>, bet dr\u012bz\u0101k dz\u0113ra to k\u0101 t\u0113ju, simptomi var par\u0101d\u012bties v\u0113l p\u0113c daudz\u0101m ned\u0113\u013c\u0101m. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca <em>\"ind\u012bgs tikai uz pap\u012bra\"<\/em> s\u0113nes ne vienm\u0113r izraisa n\u0101vi, t\u0101p\u0113c tiem, kas pirmo reizi iep\u0113rk s\u0113nes, nav j\u0101gaida, ka vi\u0146us piemekl\u0113s N\u0101ves p\u013c\u0101v\u0113js, ja vi\u0146i nejau\u0161i k\u0101du no\u0113d\u012bs. Tom\u0113r! <em>Podostroma cornu-damae<\/em>b\u012bstam\u012bba izpau\u017eas ar\u012b t\u0101s izskat\u0101, jo t\u0101 izskat\u0101s k\u0101 \u0113dama s\u0113ne. Ind\u012bgais uguns kora\u013clis atg\u0101dina&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/emuars\/uzmanibas-centra-ir-kordyceps-sene\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Kordicepss<\/b><\/a>&nbsp;un <em>Ganoderma lucidum<\/em>, kas abi ir tradicion\u0101lo dziedniec\u012bbas aprindu st\u016brakme\u0146i.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Ind\u012bgos uguns kora\u013c\u013cus var paman\u012bt Austr\u0101lijas Kv\u012bnslendas mitrajos tropiskajos me\u017eos, kur \u0161\u012b suga ir uzplaukusi gadu desmitiem.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-8-pholiotina-rugosa-conocybe-filaris\"><strong>8. Pholiotina rugosa <em>(Conocybe Filaris)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Lab\u0101k paz\u012bstams ar jaun\u0101ko sinon\u012bmu <em>Conocybe filaris<\/em>, s\u0113ne <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pholiotina_rugosa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pholiotina rugosa<\/a><\/em><\/strong> ir piln\u012bgi ind\u012bgs ikvienam, kas uzdro\u0161in\u0101s to lietot. Ir pier\u0101d\u012bts, ka taj\u0101 ir daudz <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amatoxin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">amatoks\u012bni<\/a><\/strong>, kas boj\u0101 aknas un ir galvenais ar saind\u0113\u0161anos saist\u012bto n\u0101ves gad\u012bjumu c\u0113lonis. <em>Amanita<\/em> un <em>Lepiota<\/em> s\u0113nes. Sakar\u0101 ar neparastu l\u012bdz\u012bbu ar <em>Psilocybe<\/em>'s pileus <em>(jeb t\u0101 \"v\u0101ci\u0146\u0161\")<\/em>, <em>Conocybe<\/em> nezin\u0101t\u0101ji ir sajauku\u0161i ar burvju s\u0113n\u0113m.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"709\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Conocybe_rugosa_.jpeg\" alt=\"Pholiotina Rugosa (Conocybe Filaris)\" class=\"wp-image-161612\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Conocybe_rugosa_.jpeg 709w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Conocybe_rugosa_-300x180.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Conocybe_rugosa_-18x12.jpeg 18w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Conocybe_rugosa_-600x361.jpeg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\"><em>Pholiotina rugosa<\/em>, pla\u0161\u0101k paz\u012bstams k\u0101 <em>Conocybe Filaris<\/em>. <\/mark><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">(Foto: Wikimedia Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>L\u012bdz 2013. gadam, kad molekul\u0101r\u0101 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phylogenetics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Filogenetika<\/a><\/strong> p\u0113t\u012bjums noteica s\u0113nes k\u0101 da\u013cu no <em>Pholiotina<\/em> \u0123ints, tas tika klasific\u0113ts k\u0101 <em>Conocybe<\/em>. Tas izskaidro, k\u0101p\u0113c vairums druk\u0101tajos lauku ce\u013cve\u017eos to d\u0113v\u0113 par <em>Conocybe<\/em> nevis ar t\u0101s faktisko zin\u0101tnisko nosaukumu. Jebkur\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101! T\u0101pat k\u0101 liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca s\u0113\u0146u uz plan\u0113tas, <em>Conocybe<\/em> aug mitr\u0101s, augl\u012bg\u0101s augsn\u0113s un m\u0113slos.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-7-pleurocybella-porrigens-angel-wings\"><strong>7. Pleurocybella Porrigens <em>(E\u0146\u0123e\u013cu sp\u0101rni)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Le\u0123enda v\u0113sta, ka velns par\u0101d\u0101s nevis k\u0101 \u0161ausm\u012bgs gargoils ar siksp\u0101rnu sp\u0101rniem un dak\u0161veid\u012bgu asti, bet gan k\u0101 m\u012b\u013c\u0161, nevain\u012bgs gaismas e\u0146\u0123elis. L\u016bk, ide\u0101ls analogs \u0161ai senajai folkloras idejai: s\u0113ne Pleurocybella porrigens, kas paz\u012bstama ar\u012b k\u0101 e\u0146\u0123e\u013ca sp\u0101rni. <\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"519\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Angels_Wings_-1024x519.jpeg\" alt=\"Pleurocybella Porrigens (E\u0146\u0123e\u013cu sp\u0101rni)\" class=\"wp-image-161615\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Angels_Wings_-1024x519.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Angels_Wings_-300x152.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Angels_Wings_-768x389.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Angels_Wings_-18x9.jpeg 18w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Angels_Wings_-600x304.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Angels_Wings_.jpeg 1267w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Pleurocybella Porrigens jeb E\u0146\u0123e\u013ca sp\u0101rnu s\u0113nes. (Foto: Wikimedia Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>2004. gada ruden\u012b 59 personas, kas dz\u012bvoja 9 Jap\u0101nas prefekt\u016br\u0101s. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/24255506_Acute_encephalopathy_caused_by_cyanogenic_fungi_in_2004_and_magic_mushroom_regulation_in_Japan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">saslima<\/a><\/strong> no \u0113\u0161anas <em>Pleurocybella porrigens<\/em>. Viena no sek\u0101m bija ak\u016bta <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/brain\/what-is-encephalopathy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">encefalop\u0101tija<\/a><\/strong> no kuriem 17 cilv\u0113ki g\u0101ja boj\u0101. Upuri liel\u0101koties bija 70 gadus veci cilv\u0113ki ar v\u0101j\u0101m nier\u0113m. V\u0113l vien\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 Jap\u0101n\u0101, \u0161oreiz 2009. gad\u0101, no s\u0113nes nomira 65 gadus vecs v\u012brietis, kuram tika veikta hemodial\u012bze. Eksperti ir nor\u0101d\u012bju\u0161i, ka Angel Wings sast\u0101v\u0101 ir nestabila aminosk\u0101be, ko sauc par <em>Pleurocibella Azirid\u012bns<\/em> k\u0101 \u0161o n\u0101ves gad\u012bjumu c\u0113lonis.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Ticiet vai n\u0113, bet Jap\u0101n\u0101 Angel Wings s\u0113nes joproj\u0101m ir popul\u0101rs na\u0161\u0137is. T\u0101s sauc par . <em>Sugihiratake<\/em> p\u0113c viet\u0113jo iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju dom\u0101m, s\u0113\u0146u ra\u017eas maksimums bija 2004. gad\u0101 p\u0113c sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101m lietav\u0101m. S\u0113\u0146u bija vair\u0101k nek\u0101 pietiekami daudz, lai t\u0101s ap\u0113stu - vismaz t\u0101 dom\u0101ja ciema iedz\u012bvot\u0101ji.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Tiem, kuri lietoja Angel Wings s\u0113nes, simptomi par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s p\u0113c 13 l\u012bdz 18 dien\u0101m. Tas s\u0101k\u0101s ar klusu tr\u012bci, v\u0101jiem pirkstu un k\u0101ju pirkstiem, kam sekoja \"pr\u0101ta spazmas\" un krampji. To visu laik\u0101 var\u0113ja par\u0101d\u012bties dedzino\u0161s drudzis. P\u0113c trim l\u012bdz asto\u0146\u0101m dien\u0101m smadze\u0146u sken\u0113\u0161ana par\u0101d\u012bja lielus boj\u0101jumus smadzen\u0113s. Upuri nomira 10 dienas p\u0113c pirm\u0101s l\u0113kmes s\u0101kuma.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Tom\u0113r ir v\u0113rts atz\u012bm\u0113t, ka liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca, ja ne visas <em>Pleurocybella<\/em>upuriem bija boj\u0101tas nieres. \u0160\u0101ds st\u0101voklis iev\u0113rojami kav\u0113 organisma dabisko sp\u0113ju izskalot toks\u012bnus. T\u0101tad! Vai p\u0113c tam, kad visu to izlas\u012bj\u0101t, j\u016bs joproj\u0101m risk\u0113tu ar. <em>debesu<\/em> iekost?&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-6-galerina-marginata-autumn-skullcap\"><strong>6. Galerina Marginata <em>(Rudens galvkr\u016bts)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p><em>B\u0113ru zvans. N\u0101ves galer\u012bna. Rudens galvaskauss.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Tie ir da\u017ei no nelielajiem br\u016bn\u0101s galer\u012bna s\u0113nes nosaukumiem, kas zin\u0101tniski paz\u012bstama k\u0101 gotikas mantra, un tie ir k\u0101 v\u0101rsmas gotisk\u0101 mantr\u0101. <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galerina_marginata\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Galerina marginata<\/a><\/em><\/strong>. Un, t\u0101pat k\u0101 t\u0101s z\u0101rka t\u0113mas br\u0101l\u0113ns, \u013caundaris n\u0101ves cepur\u012btes s\u0113ne, Galer\u012bnas inde ir amanit\u012bns. Viens vien\u012bgs rudens galvkr\u016b\u0161\u013ca kodiens atst\u0101j palieko\u0161as sekas uz upura org\u0101niem. Zin\u0101tnieki ir atz\u012bm\u0113ju\u0161i 12 <em>Galerina<\/em> s\u0113nes, lai gan ofici\u0101l\u0101 let\u0101l\u0101 deva. Diezgan p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161i, ka s\u0113nei ir vieni no visniec\u012bg\u0101kajiem cepur\u012bt\u0113m: tikai 1 l\u012bdz 2,5 collas platas.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"457\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_.jpg\" alt=\"Galerina Marginata (rudens skullcap)\" class=\"wp-image-161618\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-600x343.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\"><em>Galerina Marginata<\/em>vai rudens galvkr\u016bts. <em>(Foto: Wikimedia Commons)<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Apl\u016bkojot tuv\u0101k, j\u016bs paman\u012bsiet dzeltenas \u017eaunas, kas izspie\u017eas no dzeltenaj\u0101m \u017eaun\u0101m. <em>Galerina<\/em>'s stubl\u0101ju. Uz k\u0101ti\u0146a ir ar\u012b balti gredzeni un s\u012bki \"mati\u0146i\". Ide\u0101li apst\u0101k\u013ci rudens skulpturenei ir mitr\u0101 koksn\u0113, kas \u013coti labi uz\u0146em t\u0101s bl\u012bvo balto mic\u0113liju. T\u0101pat k\u0101 t\u0101s aug\u013c\u0137ermenis, ar\u012b <em>Galerina<\/em>\"sporu nospiedums ir br\u016bns.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Ja \u0113dat B\u0113ru zvanu, nebr\u012bnieties, dzirdot, ka tas jums maks\u0101 par to. Da\u017eas min\u016btes p\u0113c tam, kad tas non\u0101ks j\u016bsu organism\u0101, indes amanit\u012bns s\u0101ks izn\u012bcin\u0101t j\u016bsu aknas. P\u0113c 8 l\u012bdz 24 stund\u0101m vi\u013c\u0146veid\u012bgi s\u0101ksies slikta d\u016b\u0161a, kam sekos sp\u0113c\u012bga vem\u0161ana un caureja. Tas vien noplicin\u0101s j\u016bsu organismu no \u016bdens un miner\u0101lviel\u0101m. Bet, ja jums izdosies to visu p\u0101rdz\u012bvot, p\u0113c da\u017e\u0101m dien\u0101m rudens kauslapes iedarb\u012bba nostiprin\u0101s dar\u012bjumu, piln\u012bb\u0101 izsl\u0113dzot aknas vai nieres.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-lepiota-brunneoincarnata-deadly-dapperling\"><strong>5. Lepiota Brunneoincarnata <em>(Deadly Dapperling)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Viena no n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161\u0101m s\u0113n\u0113m, kas aug gandr\u012bz visur no m\u0113ren\u0101 klimata \u0100zijas re\u0123ioniem, tostarp \u0136\u012bn\u0101, l\u012bdz pat z\u0101lainiem re\u0123ioniem Eirop\u0101, ir. <em>Lepiota brunneoincarnata<\/em>, cit\u0101di paz\u012bstams k\u0101 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lepiota_brunneoincarnata\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">N\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161s Dapperling<\/a><\/strong>. T\u0101 br\u016bn\u0101s zv\u012b\u0146ot\u0101s cepur\u012btes ar br\u016bngani s\u0101rtu k\u0101tu un balt\u0101m \u017eaun\u0101m d\u0113\u013c neapdom\u012bgi cilv\u0113ki n\u0101v\u012bgo dapperlingu ir sajauku\u0161i ar \u0113damu s\u0113ni. Nepal\u012bdz ar\u012b tas, ka n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161ais dapperli\u0146\u0161 vienk\u0101r\u0161i dievina visas z\u0101lain\u0101s plat\u012bbas, piem\u0113ram, parkus, d\u0101rzus un laukus. T\u0101s visas ir vietas, kur cilv\u0113ki noteikti uz tiem var sastapt.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"564\" height=\"308\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Lepiota_clypeolaria_.jpeg\" alt=\"Lepiota Brunneoincarnata (N\u0101ves Dapperling)\" class=\"wp-image-161619\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Lepiota_clypeolaria_.jpeg 564w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Lepiota_clypeolaria_-300x164.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Lepiota_clypeolaria_-18x10.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 564px) 100vw, 564px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Lepiota Brunneoincarnata (Deadly Dapperling) via Wikipedia Commons <\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no cit\u0101m l\u012bdz\u012bga izskata s\u0113n\u0113m, piem. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wildfooduk.com\/mushroom-guide\/fairy-ring-champignons\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>pasaku gredzens champignon<\/strong> <\/a> (<em>Marasmius oreades<\/em>) un <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wildfooduk.com\/mushroom-guide\/the-grey-knight\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">pel\u0113k\u0101 bru\u0146inieka s\u0113ne<\/a><\/strong> (<em>Tricholoma terreum<\/em>), n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161ais dapperlings ir \u013coti ind\u012bgs. Nogal\u012bbas l\u012bmenis ir augsts, pateicoties \u0137\u012bmiskajai vielai, ko sauc par <strong>alfa-amanit\u012bns<\/strong>. N\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161ais dapperlings 2002. gad\u0101 nogalin\u0101ja cilv\u0113kus, kas to \u0113da Sp\u0101nij\u0101, 2010. gad\u0101 nogalin\u0101ja \u010detrus jaunus Tunisijas \u0123imenes locek\u013cus un 2018. gad\u0101 izrais\u012bja masveida uzliesmojumu Ir\u0101n\u0101.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Simptomi galvenok\u0101rt rodas zarn\u0101s. 10 stundas p\u0113c n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161\u0101 dapperlinga ap\u0113\u0161anas rodas slikta d\u016b\u0161a un vem\u0161ana, kam da\u017eas dienas p\u0113c tam seko smagi aknu boj\u0101jumi. Eksperti ir noteiku\u0161i, ka 100 g <em>Lepiot<\/em>a ir l\u016bzuma punkts pirms aknu darb\u012bbas p\u0101rtrauk\u0161anas.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>N\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161o dapperlingu padara tik b\u012bstamu tas, ka parastie iedz\u012bvot\u0101ji, jo \u012bpa\u0161i tie, kuri \u0113dienkart\u0113 izmanto s\u0113nes, to var viegli sajaukt ar kaut ko citu. Piem\u0113ram: Salon-de-Provans\u0101 \u0123imene, kas sav\u0101 d\u0101rz\u0101 v\u0101ca pel\u0113k\u0101 bru\u0146inieka s\u0113nes. <strong>saind\u0113ts<\/strong> p\u0113c tam, kad t\u0101 viet\u0101 pa\u0146\u0113ma dapperling.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-cortinarius-rubellus-deadly-webcap\"><strong>4. Cortinarius Rubellus <em>(N\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161s Webcap)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Tagad \u0161o konkr\u0113to s\u0113ni ir daudz gr\u016bt\u0101k atrast nek\u0101 iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s. T\u0101 k\u0101 t\u0101s dz\u012bvotnes atrodas galvenok\u0101rt Zieme\u013ceirop\u0101, <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cortinarius_rubellus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cortinarius rubellus<\/a><\/em><\/strong> reti re\u0123istr\u0113ti saind\u0113ju\u0161ies s\u0113\u0146u mednieki. Paties\u012bb\u0101 p\u0113d\u0113jais zin\u0101mais saind\u0113\u0161an\u0101s gad\u012bjums ar <em>Cortinarius<\/em> 1979. gad\u0101 Apvienotaj\u0101 Karalist\u0113. Iemesls? Tie, kas to pat\u0113r\u0113ja, sajauca \u0161o s\u0113ni ar gaileni (<em>Cantharellus cibarius<\/em>).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"457\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-1.jpg\" alt=\"Cortinarius Rubellus (N\u0101ves t\u012bklkn\u0101bis)\" class=\"wp-image-161620\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-1-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-1-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-1-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Galerina_marginata_-1-600x343.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\"><em>Cortinarius rubellus<\/em>vai N\u0101ves Webcap. <em>(Foto - Eric Steinert, izmantojot Wikimedia Commons)<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Ja vi\u0146i b\u016btu uzman\u012bgi ieskat\u012bju\u0161ies, b\u016btu paman\u012bju\u0161i, ka n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161ajam t\u012bklkn\u0101bim nav pa stubl\u0101ju pl\u016bsto\u0161u \u017eaunu. Turkl\u0101t uz t\u0101s ir \"\u010d\u016bsk\u0101das\" raksts, kas pal\u012bdz br\u012bdin\u0101t cilv\u0113kus par t\u0101s b\u012bstam\u012bbu. T\u0101pat k\u0101 visas citas s\u0113nes <em>Cortinarius<\/em> \u0123ints!&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>T\u0101pat k\u0101 citas \u0161aj\u0101 sarakst\u0101 iek\u013caut\u0101s n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161\u0101s s\u0113nes, ar\u012b n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161ais zirnek\u013cp\u0113di\u0146\u0161 izraisa gripai l\u012bdz\u012bgus simptomus un vem\u0161anu. Ne\u0101rst\u0113ta indes iedarb\u012bba var izrais\u012bt nieru mazsp\u0113ju divu dienu laik\u0101 vai \u0101tr\u0101k. T\u0101p\u0113c, neraugoties uz t\u0101s relat\u012bvi <em>\"gr\u016bti atrast\"<\/em> statusa, bar\u012bbas v\u0101c\u0113jiem joproj\u0101m vajadz\u0113tu izvair\u012bties no n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161\u0101s t\u012bkllapes, kur t\u0101 aug k\u0101 nez\u0101le. \u012apa\u0161i Zieme\u013ceirop\u0101!&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-amanita-verna-fool-s-mushroom\"><strong>3. Amanita Verna<em> (Fool's Mushroom)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Ikviens ir paz\u012bstams ar ikonisko sarkanbaltsarkano un balto polkas rakstu <em>Amanita muscaria<\/em>, paz\u012bstama ar\u012b k\u0101 mu\u0161mirte. Bet k\u0101 ir ar t\u0101s br\u0101l\u0113nu, <em>Amanita verna<\/em>? T\u0101pat k\u0101 ar visiem <em>Amanitas<\/em>, \u0161ai n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161ajai baltajai s\u0113nei ir volva jeb pl\u012bvurs, kas p\u0101rkl\u0101j t\u0101s \u017eaunas un stipi jeb \"k\u0101ti\u0146u\" zem s\u0113nes cepur\u012btes. Un t\u0101pat k\u0101 visas <em>Amanitas<\/em>, un <em>Amanita verna<\/em> paz\u012bstams ar\u012b k\u0101 <strong>\"<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amanita_verna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mu\u013c\u0137a s\u0113ne<\/a>\"<\/strong> ir ind\u012bga bazidiomicete s\u0113ne. No sav\u0101m radniec\u012bgaj\u0101m s\u0113n\u0113m mu\u013c\u0137a s\u0113ne at\u0161\u0137iras ar gai\u0161i baltu kr\u0101su un z\u012bdainu cepur\u012bti, kas var \u0161\u0137ist sp\u012bd\u012bga.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"479\" height=\"253\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Amanita_verna-.jpeg\" alt=\"Amanita Verna (mu\u013c\u0137a s\u0113ne)\" class=\"wp-image-161621\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Amanita_verna-.jpeg 479w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Amanita_verna--300x158.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Amanita_verna--18x10.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 479px) 100vw, 479px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Amanita verna jeb mu\u013c\u0137a s\u0113ne (Foto: Pieria, izmantojot Wikimedia Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Ja jums ir mu\u013c\u0137\u012bgs garast\u0101voklis un j\u016bs nolemjat ap\u0113st mu\u013c\u0137a s\u0113ni, varat sagaid\u012bt, ka alfa-amanit\u012bna deva p\u0113c da\u017e\u0101m dien\u0101m atsl\u0113gs j\u016bsu aknas. Pirm\u0101s 6 l\u012bdz 24 stundas p\u0113c \u0113\u0161anas var \u0161\u0137ist, ka nekas nenotiek. Tom\u0113r p\u0113c \u0161\u012b \"miera\" perioda j\u016bs sajut\u012bsiet nemieru, kam sekos pr\u0101tu nom\u0101co\u0161i krampji un caureja. Tre\u0161aj\u0101 dien\u0101 simptomi atk\u0101rtosies un p\u0113c tam p\u0101rtrauksies - padarot no upura mu\u013c\u0137i ar viltus atvese\u013co\u0161an\u0101s paz\u012bm\u0113m. \u0160aj\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b cilv\u0113kam patie\u0161\u0101m var b\u016bt nepiecie\u0161ama aknu transplant\u0101cija. Bet, t\u0101 k\u0101 simptomi liecina ko citu, cietu\u0161ais parasti p\u0101r\u0101k v\u0113lu dodas uz slimn\u012bcu un beig\u0101s mirst.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Kas ar s\u0113\u0146u \u0123imeni <em>Phalloideae<\/em> kas liek s\u0113n\u0113m doties slepkav\u012bb\u0101s? No mu\u013c\u0137a s\u0113nes vismaz ir viegli izvair\u012bties, jo t\u0101 aug tikai pavasar\u012b (<em>\"verna\"<\/em>), nevis parast\u0101 ra\u017eas nov\u0101k\u0161anas perioda septembr\u012b.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-amanita-virosa-destroying-angel\"><strong>2. Amanita Virosa<em> (Izn\u012bcino\u0161ais e\u0146\u0123elis)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0160\u012b n\u0101kam\u0101 n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161\u0101 s\u0113ne ir sastopama Lielbrit\u0101nijas un Skotijas kalnu re\u0123ionos, Zieme\u013cskotijas zemien\u0113s un Skandin\u0101vijas skujkoku me\u017eos. L\u016bk! V\u0113l viens tum\u0161ais e\u0146\u0123elis s\u0113\u0146u panteon\u0101: <em>Amanita virosa<\/em>, paz\u012bstams ar\u012b k\u0101 <strong>\"<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amanita_virosa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Izn\u012bcin\u0101t Angel<\/a>\"<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"709\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destroying_Angel_02.jpg\" alt=\"Amanita Virosa (izn\u012bcino\u0161ais e\u0146\u0123elis)\" class=\"wp-image-161622\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destroying_Angel_02.jpg 709w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destroying_Angel_02-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destroying_Angel_02-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destroying_Angel_02-600x320.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Amanita Virosa (Destroying Angel) via Wikimedia Commons<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Tas pats indes veids <em>Amanita phalloides<\/em> <em>(N\u0101ves cepur\u012btes s\u0113ne)<\/em> var atrast ar\u012b <em>Amanita virosa<\/em>. Ta\u010du at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no n\u0101ves cepur\u012btes s\u0113nes izn\u012bcino\u0161ais e\u0146\u0123elis izce\u013cas ar t\u012bri baltu kr\u0101su. Tai nav ar\u012b n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161a smar\u017ea, kas pal\u012bdz par t\u0101s kl\u0101tb\u016btni zi\u0146ot me\u017ea dz\u012bvniekiem.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>L\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 mu\u013c\u0137a s\u0113nes izrais\u012btie simptomi, ar\u012b izn\u012bcino\u0161\u0101 e\u0146\u0123e\u013ca s\u0113\u0146u \u0113\u0161anas sekas izpau\u017eas un p\u0113c tam izz\u016bd uz da\u017e\u0101m stund\u0101m, l\u012bdz pat dienai vai div\u0101m. Tas pats ne\u017e\u0113l\u012bgais triks, lai liktu upurim dom\u0101t, ka vi\u0146\u0161 ir <em>\"dziedin\u0101\u0161ana\"<\/em>. Dr\u012bz vien simptomi atgrie\u017eas: slikta d\u016b\u0161a, s\u0101pes v\u0113der\u0101 un caureja, \u0161oreiz piln\u012bb\u0101 boj\u0101jot nieres un aknas. Ja to ne\u0101rst\u0113, nabaga cilv\u0113ks var non\u0101kt kom\u0101 un ciest nenov\u0113r\u0161amu n\u0101vi.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Liel\u0101koties izn\u012bcino\u0161\u0101 e\u0146\u0123e\u013ca upuri tiek nog\u0101d\u0101ti slimn\u012bc\u0101 p\u0101r\u0101k v\u0113lu p\u0113c saind\u0113\u0161an\u0101s. \u0160aj\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b vien\u012bg\u0101 iesp\u0113ja ir aknu transplant\u0101cija. Pat <em>ka<\/em> nav izdz\u012bvo\u0161anas garantija. Atvese\u013co\u0161an\u0101s ir b\u012bstama, s\u0101p\u012bga, saspringta un saspringta \u0137erme\u0146a pieradin\u0101\u0161ana pie sve\u0161a org\u0101na.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-amanita-phalloides-death-cap\"><strong>1. Amanita phalloides <em>(N\u0101ves cepure)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>T\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu m\u016bsu sarakst\u0101 p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101 s\u0113ne ir izmantota k\u0101 slepkav\u012bbas r\u012bks. T\u0101 nogalina klusi un nebaid\u0101s nogalin\u0101t ne tikai kara\u013cus, bet ar\u012b v\u012brus. T\u0101s sp\u0113ja izaudz\u0113t aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146u ap\u013cus, ko d\u0113v\u0113 par \"aug\u013c\u0137erme\u0146iem\". <strong><em>\"pasaku gredzeni\"<\/em><\/strong><em>,<\/em> to saista ar raganu un dabas garu mitolo\u0123iju. Tas nogalina ar niec\u012bg\u0101ko daudzumu, izpelnoties ide\u0101la neredzama slepkav\u012bbas iero\u010da reput\u0101ciju. D\u0101mas un kungi, uzmanieties...<em> <\/em><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amanita_phalloides\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">N\u0101ves v\u0101ci\u0146\u0161<\/a><\/em><\/strong>! &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Amanita_phalloides_-_Death_Cap_.jpeg\" alt=\"Amanita phalloides (Death Cap)\" class=\"wp-image-161626\" style=\"width:840px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Amanita_phalloides_-_Death_Cap_.jpeg 512w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Amanita_phalloides_-_Death_Cap_-300x163.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Amanita_phalloides_-_Death_Cap_-18x10.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\"><em>Amanita phalloides<\/em>vai n\u0101ves cepure. <\/mark><\/strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">(Foto: Wikimedia Commons)<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Senaj\u0101 Rom\u0101 baumoja, ka imperators Klaudijs bijis <strong>noslepkavots<\/strong> vi\u0146a sieva Agrip\u012bna, uzkaisa vienu no vi\u0146a iecien\u012bt\u0101kajiem \u0113dieniem - C\u0113zara s\u0113nes (<em>Amanita caesarea<\/em>) - ar caursp\u012bd\u012bgo sulu no n\u0101ves v\u0101ci\u0146a. Imperators neko nenojauta, jo simptomi par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s tikai da\u017eas dienas p\u0113c tam. Inde, protams, iedarboj\u0101s, un Klaudijs nomira par lielu prieku savai sievai. Vismaz t\u0101 v\u0113sta le\u0123enda...<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Fran\u010du filozofs Volt\u0113rs ar\u012b bija teicis, ka K\u0101rlis VI bija <strong>noslepkavots<\/strong> ar n\u0101ves v\u0101ci\u0146u s\u0113n\u0113m. V\u0113stures gait\u0101 t\u0101s ir izrais\u012bju\u0161as neskait\u0101mus citus n\u0101ves gad\u012bjumus. Kop\u0113j\u0101 k\u013c\u016bda? Dom\u0101\u0161ana, ka n\u0101ves cepur\u012bte ir \u0113dama, jo \u012bpa\u0161i t\u0101s poga\u013cas stadij\u0101.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Kur aug n\u0101ves v\u0101ci\u0146\u0161? \u0160o n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161o s\u0113ni var atrast grup\u0101s, kas izvietotas viena no otras, \u012bpa\u0161i zem ozoliem un di\u017esk\u0101bar\u017eiem. N\u0101ves cepur\u012btes ir viegli atrodamas liel\u0101kaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 Apvienot\u0101s Karalistes, \u012arijas un Eiropas kontinent\u0101l\u0101s da\u013cas.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no da\u017e\u0101m iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101m n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161\u0101m s\u0113n\u0113m, kuras m\u0113s \u0161eit esam iek\u013c\u0101vu\u0161i, n\u0101ves cepur\u012bt\u0113 eso\u0161o amatoks\u012bnu nevar izn\u012bcin\u0101t ar jebkuru v\u0101r\u012b\u0161anas vai kars\u0113\u0161anas metodi. Tikai \u0161\u0137ipsni\u0146a <em>Amanita phalloides<\/em> ir n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161a. T\u0101p\u0113c viena s\u0113ne ar n\u0101ves cepur\u012bti ir pietiekami ind\u012bga, lai nogalin\u0101tu <em>vair\u0101ki<\/em> tiesas ienaidnieki!<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Izskats var b\u016bt maldino\u0161s<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Vienm\u0113r paturiet pr\u0101t\u0101, ka da\u017ei s\u0113\u0146u veidi var b\u016bt hipnotiz\u0113jo\u0161i skaisti. <em>un<\/em> taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi b\u012bstami - piem\u0113ram, ar tr\u0101p\u012bgu nosaukumu Destroying Angel. Turkl\u0101t n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161\u0101s s\u0113nes var izskat\u012bties nekait\u012bgas ar\u012b neapm\u0101c\u012btai acij. D\u012bgsto\u0161a <em>Amanita<\/em>, piem\u0113ram, atg\u0101dina b\u0113rnu. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puffball\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">puffball<\/a><\/strong>. Un j\u016bs nevarat b\u016bt p\u0101rliecin\u0101ts, kur\u0161 ir kur\u0161, ja vien neaiztiksiet pl\u012bvuru un nepaman\u012bsiet iek\u0161pus\u0113 \u017eaunas, kas apstiprin\u0101tu t\u0101 toksiskumu.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Zelta likums ir \u0161\u0101ds: ja rodas \u0161aubas, atst\u0101jiet \u0161\u012bs s\u0113nes mier\u0101. Viegli saprotams tie\u0161saistes s\u0113\u0146u ce\u013cvedis nodro\u0161in\u0101s dro\u0161\u012bbu tiem, kas v\u0113las iev\u0101kt s\u0113nes. Lab\u0101s versij\u0101s bie\u017ei vien ir iek\u013cauti pilnkr\u0101saini n\u0101v\u0113jo\u0161o s\u0113\u0146u att\u0113li, kas atbilst to aprakstiem. Bet lab\u0101kaj\u0101s ir j\u0101b\u016bt mekl\u0113\u0161anas datub\u0101zei, kur\u0101 var ievad\u012bt parauga paz\u012bmes, lai j\u016bs var\u0113tu noteikt jebkuru sugu.<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p>Par laimi, mums nav j\u0101uztraucas par s\u0113n\u0113m un trifel\u0113m no <em>burvju<\/em> daudzveid\u012bbu, jo \u012bpa\u0161i ar m\u016bsu audz\u0113\u0161anas komplektiem. Uz <em>Psilocybe<\/em> sugas izskat\u0101s pietiekami m\u012b\u013cas, lai uzkostu,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/emuars\/burvju-senes-ir-visdrosaka-izklaides-narkotika\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>un tie ir<\/b><\/a><strong>! <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nekad ne\u0113diet s\u0113nes, ja prec\u012bzi nezin\u0101t, kas t\u0101s ir.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":57089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-57080","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-and-studies"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57080","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57080"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57080\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":161627,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57080\/revisions\/161627"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/57089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57080"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57080"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57080"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=57080"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}