{"id":15806,"date":"2020-11-18T14:36:47","date_gmt":"2020-11-18T14:36:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=15316"},"modified":"2023-11-02T14:16:59","modified_gmt":"2023-11-02T13:16:59","slug":"psychedelicki-hrdinovia-timothy-leary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/blog\/psychedelic-heroes-timothy-leary\/","title":{"rendered":"Psychedelick\u00ed hrdinovia: Timothy Leary"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moja poves\u0165 mi je \u00faplne \u013eahostajn\u00e1 <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bud\u00faca ikona sa narodila 22. okt\u00f3bra 1920 ako jedin\u00e1\u010dik a svoje dni tr\u00e1vila sama v Springfielde v \u0161t\u00e1te Massachusetts. Osamelos\u0165 sa zmenila na hnev, ke\u010f jeho otec (\u00edrsko-americk\u00fd zub\u00e1r)<\/em> opustil rodinu, ke\u010f mal Timotej 13 rokov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1to traumatizuj\u00faca udalos\u0165 v Learyho \u017eivote viedla k s\u00e9rii z\u00e1\u0161kol\u00e1ckeho spr\u00e1vania. Nav\u0161t\u00edvil nieko\u013eko vysok\u00fdch \u0161k\u00f4l a na ka\u017edej z nich sp\u00f4sobil sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165. Dva roky Leary nav\u0161tevoval Kol\u00e9gium Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho kr\u00ed\u017ea<\/strong> vo Worcesteri v \u0161t\u00e1te Massachusetts, kde sa u\u010dil, pil a pestoval si poves\u0165 \u017eensk\u00e9ho mu\u017ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Potom sa Leary vydal do West Point<\/strong> na pr\u00edkaz svojej matky. Ani to v\u0161ak nedopadlo dobre, preto\u017ee ho prichytili pri pa\u0161ovan\u00ed alkoholu do \u0161koly. Learyho priatelia a profesori sa mu dlho vyh\u00fdbali. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po\u010das druhej svetovej vojny Leary absolvoval Alabamsk\u00e1 univerzita<\/strong> s bakal\u00e1rskym titulom z psychol\u00f3gie (z\u00edskal ho v roku 1943 po\u010das slu\u017eby v arm\u00e1de). <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magistersk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadium, doktor\u00e1t a otcovstvo <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Leary z\u00edskal magistersk\u00fd titul v roku 1946 na Washingtonsk\u00e1 \u0161t\u00e1tna univerzita<\/strong>a doktor\u00e1t z psychol\u00f3gie z\u00edskal v roku 1950 na Kalifornsk\u00e1 univerzita, Berkeley<\/strong>. Nesk\u00f4r sa stal docentom na Berkeley a riadite\u013eom psychiatrick\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu na Nad\u00e1cia Kaiser Family Foundation<\/strong>. Predn\u00e1\u0161al aj psychol\u00f3giu na Harvardova univerzita<\/strong>, kde sa stretol so svoj\u00edm bud\u00facim kamar\u00e1tom psychonautom, Ram Dass<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roku 1955 sa Leary stal slobodn\u00fdm otcom syna a dc\u00e9ry po tom, \u010do sa jeho prv\u00e1 man\u017eelka Marianne tragicky zabila. Po man\u017eelkinej smrti Leary postupne stratil vieru v tradi\u010dn\u00fa psychol\u00f3giu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Ak by ste po\u010d\u00favali neurol\u00f3gov a psychiatrov, nikdy by ste sa nezamilovali.\"<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Timothy Leary<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zl\u00ed chlapci z Harvardu <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\u010cl\u00e1nok
V \u010dasopise Life Magazine z 13. m\u00e1ja 1957 sa objavila inform\u00e1cia o u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed psilocyb\u00ednu domorod\u00fdmi obyvate\u013emi Mazat\u00e9kov v Mexiku. \u010cl\u00e1nok R. Gordona Wassona bol prv\u00fdm, ktor\u00fd psychedelik\u00e1 uviedol do hlavn\u00e9ho pr\u00fadu.<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Leary sa prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t pok\u00fasil psilocyb\u00ednov\u00e9 huby<\/a><\/strong> v roku 1960, ke\u010f sa vydal do mexickej Cuernavacy s Anthonym Russoom, svoj\u00edm kolegom, ktor\u00fd sa Psilocybe mexicana<\/em> na predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej ceste. T\u00e1to sk\u00fasenos\u0165 nav\u017edy zmenila Learyho \u017eivot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Po\u010das piatich hod\u00edn po u\u017eit\u00ed t\u00fdchto h\u00fab som sa dozvedel viac o svojom mozgu a jeho mo\u017enostiach a o psychol\u00f3gii ako za predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich p\u00e4tn\u00e1s\u0165 rokov \u0161t\u00fadia a v\u00fdskumu v oblasti psychol\u00f3gie.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Harvardsk\u00fd projekt o psilocyb\u00edne<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f sa Leary na jese\u0148 vr\u00e1til na Harvard, za\u010dal Projekt Harvard Psilocybin<\/strong><\/a> so svojimi priate\u013emi (najm\u00e4 Richard Alpert, nesk\u00f4r zn\u00e1my ako Ram Dass)<\/em>. Pomocou laborat\u00f3rne vyroben\u00fdch psychedelick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn chceli zisti\u0165, ako psilocyb\u00edn p\u00f4sob\u00ed na \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Projekt potom poskytol LSD 300 profesorom, postgradu\u00e1lnym \u0161tudentom, spisovate\u013eom a filozofom. Learyho snom bolo, aby LSD - pri spr\u00e1vnom d\u00e1vkovan\u00ed, nastaven\u00ed a veden\u00ed - zmenilo spr\u00e1vanie mystick\u00fdm, duchovn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom... nie\u010do, \u010do 75% ich predmetov<\/strong> s\u00fahlasil s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leary chcel da\u0165 druh\u00fa \u0161ancu aj alkoholikom a napraven\u00fdm ods\u00faden\u00fdm zlo\u010dincom. Po v\u00fdlete so sprievodcom, 36 v\u00e4z\u0148ov sa nadobro vzdalo zlo\u010dinu<\/strong>. <\/strong>Zjednodu\u0161ene povedan\u00e9, \"navr\u00e1tilci\"<\/em> vr\u00e1ti\u0165 sa do v\u00e4zenia 80% \u010dasu. V Learyho projekte sa pribli\u017ene 80% subjektov nikdy nevr\u00e1tilo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Mlad\u00fd
Dr. Timothy Leary a Dr. Richard Alpert (Ram Dass) na Harvarde, 1961. Foto: timothylearyarchives.org <\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V m\u00e1ji 1963 Harvard vyhodil Learyho a Alperta po tom, \u010do sa zistilo, \u017ee \u0161tudenti sa pon\u00e1rali do z\u00e1sob projektu. Niektor\u00e9 zdroje v\u0161ak spom\u00ednaj\u00fa aj \u010fal\u0161ie d\u00f4vody: Learyho vyhodili pre vynech\u00e1vanie predn\u00e1\u0161ok, zatia\u013e \u010do Alperta prepustili za to, \u017ee dal psilocyb\u00edn \u0161tudentovi mimo are\u00e1lu univerzity. Rodi\u010dia tie\u017e povedali predstavite\u013eom Harvardu, \u017ee ich deti boli \"podan\u00e9 drogy\"<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pred ich vyhoden\u00edm sa projekt stretol s ve\u013ek\u00fdm z\u00e1ujmom verejnosti... a mnoh\u00ed zvedavci boli pre ve\u013ek\u00fd z\u00e1ujem odmietnut\u00ed. \u010coskoro v bl\u00edzkosti are\u00e1lu Harvardu vyr\u00e1stol \u010dierny trh s psychedel\u00edkmi, ktor\u00fd uspokojoval \"odmieta\"<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To znepokojilo Learyho a Alperta, ktor\u00ed potom zalo\u017eili Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 nad\u00e1cia pre vn\u00fatorn\u00fa slobodu<\/strong> v roku 1962 ako reakciu na (tentoraz v Cambridge).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9ra Millbrook <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V roku 1963 sa s\u00farodeneck\u00ed dedi\u010dia majetku Mellonovcov, a to Peggy, Billy a Tommy Hitchcock<\/a><\/strong> pomohol z\u00edska\u0165 star\u00e9 s\u00eddlo pre Learyho a jeho kolegov psychonautov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nach\u00e1dza sa v meste\u010dku s n\u00e1zvom Millbrook<\/strong>, panstvo sa \u010doskoro stalo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"s\u00eddlo Learyho a jeho gangu po\u010das v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej \u010dasti piatich rokov, obdobia naplnen\u00e9ho nekone\u010dn\u00fdmi ve\u010dierkami, zjaveniami, zr\u00fateniami, emocion\u00e1lnymi dr\u00e1mami v\u0161etk\u00fdch rozmerov a po\u010detn\u00fdmi raziou a zatknutiami, z ktor\u00fdch mnoh\u00e9 boli zalo\u017een\u00e9 na chab\u00fdch obvineniach...\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u010ciernobiela
Doktor Timothy Leary, \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00fd za \"ve\u013ek\u0148aza\" LSD, \u017eije v tomto prenajatom 64-izbovom s\u00eddle v Millbrooku v \u0161t\u00e1te New York. S\u00eddlo sl\u00fa\u017ei aj ako s\u00eddlo jeho nad\u00e1cie Castalia Foundation a jeho \"psycho-n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho\" kultu. Fotografia, 28. 5. 1966.<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V roku 1966 vykonal G. Gordon Liddy raziu na panstve Millbrook. Bol to rozhoduj\u00faci \u00fader pre Learyho a jeho kolegov psychonautov, ktor\u00ed si uvedomili, \u017ee ich sen sa skon\u010dil. Bol to koniec jednej \u00e9ry. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Bol to vl\u00e1dny agent, ktor\u00fd o polnoci vst\u00fapil do na\u0161ej sp\u00e1lne. Mali sme pln\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo ho zastreli\u0165. Ale ja som nikdy v \u017eivote nevlastnil zbra\u0148. Nikdy som nemal a nikdy nebudem ma\u0165 pri sebe zbra\u0148.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smr\u0165 mysle <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V roku 1964 nap\u00edsal Leary spolu s Ralphom Metznerom a Richardom Alpertom knihu s n\u00e1zvom \"Psychedelick\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitok\"<\/em><\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 vych\u00e1dza z Tibetskej knihy m\u0155tvych. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Tibetsk\u00e1<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\"\u010ci u\u017e za\u017eijete nebo alebo peklo, pam\u00e4tajte, \u017ee ich vytv\u00e1ra va\u0161a myse\u013e.\" <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– <\/em>Timothy Leary, \"Psychedelick\u00e1 sk\u00fasenos\u0165: Pr\u00edru\u010dka zalo\u017een\u00e1 na Tibetskej knihe m\u0155tvych\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V n\u00e1deji na legaliz\u00e1ciu LSD na z\u00e1klade n\u00e1bo\u017eenskej slobody Leary zalo\u017eil n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo tzv. Liga za duchovn\u00e9 objavovanie<\/a><\/strong>, pri\u010dom jeho hlavnou sviatos\u0165ou je LSD. Kr\u00e1tko nato vzniklo Bratstvo ve\u010dnej l\u00e1sky (alias \"hippie mafia\")<\/em> vyhl\u00e1sili Learyho za svojho duchovn\u00e9ho vodcu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. okt\u00f3bra 1966 podp\u00edsal americk\u00fd prezident Lyndon B. Johnson z\u00e1kon, ktor\u00fdm sa LSD stalo nez\u00e1konn\u00fdm. V d\u00f4sledku toho boli v\u0161etky vedeck\u00e9 v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 programy t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa LSD - vr\u00e1tane Learyho - zastaven\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leary za\u010dal do za\u010diatku roka 1967 cestova\u0165 po univerzitn\u00fdch kampusoch, aby div\u00e1kom zopakoval psychedelick\u00fd trip. Volal sa . \"Smr\u0165 mysle\"<\/em><\/strong>, jedine\u010dn\u00e9 predstavenie bolo Learyho sp\u00f4sobom \u0161\u00edrenia jeho evanjelia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V tomto okamihu dosiahla Liga duchovn\u00fdch objavov zvolen\u00fd limit 360 \u010dlenov. Leary jemne povedal odmietnut\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkom, aby si zalo\u017eili vlastn\u00e9 psychedelick\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1. To viedlo k vydaniu bro\u017e\u00fary s n\u00e1zvom \"Zalo\u017ete si vlastn\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo\"<\/strong> <\/em>v roku 1967.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zapn\u00fa\u0165, naladi\u0165, vypn\u00fa\u0165 <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u00e9ho d\u0148a v sprche Leary vyslovil vetu, ktor\u00e1 zmenila \u017eivoty 30 000 hippies roztr\u00fasen\u00fdch v parku Golden Gate v San Franciscu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Zapn\u00fa\u0165, naladi\u0165, vypn\u00fa\u0165.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1to kultov\u00e1 veta zaznela 14. janu\u00e1ra 1967 na Human Be-In<\/strong>, zhroma\u017edenie hippies, ak\u00e9 svet e\u0161te nevidel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Plag\u00e1t
Plag\u00e1t podujatia, ktor\u00fd vyz\u00fdval v\u0161etk\u00fdch, aby si priniesli rodiny a zvierat\u00e1 (spolu s kvetmi a kadidlom). Fotografia s l\u00e1skav\u00fdm dovolen\u00edm: Otvoren\u00e1 kult\u00fara<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Koncom 60. rokov sa Leary pres\u0165ahoval do Kalifornie. Jeho popularita priviedla do jeho domu nieko\u013eko hollywoodskych priate\u013eov. V skuto\u010dnosti sa Learyho svadba s Rosemary Woodruffov\u00e1<\/strong> v roku 1967 re\u017e\u00edroval Ted Markland z \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9ho seri\u00e1lu, \"Bonanza\"<\/em>. Legenda hovor\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161etci hostia boli na kyseline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obvodov\u00fd model vedomia <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Na za\u010diatku 70. rokov Leary (spolu s Brianom Barrittom)<\/em> vytvoril svoj obvodov\u00fd model vedomia. Zn\u00e1my aj ako \"Sedem Bo\u017e\u00edch jazykov\"<\/em>, tvrdil, \u017ee mozog, chrbtica a nervy pozost\u00e1vaj\u00fa zo 7 obvodov, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa 7 \u00farovn\u00ed vedomia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Potom ho roz\u0161\u00edril o \u00f4smy okruh, ktor\u00fd vznikol v roku 1977 s Learyho \"Exopsychol\u00f3gia\"<\/em> a Roberta Antona Wilsona \"Kozmick\u00e1 sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165\".<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahoj tma, m\u00f4j star\u00fd priate\u013e... <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Najstar\u0161ia dc\u00e9ra Timothyho Learyho Susan sa po rokoch psychickej nestability v roku 1989 obesila vo v\u00e4zen\u00ed. Bol to tragick\u00fd koniec nap\u00e4t\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu s otcom, ktor\u00e9ho Susan obvi\u0148ovala zo samovra\u017edy svojej matky. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Learyho star\u0161\u00ed syn Jack s n\u00edm od za\u010diatku 70. rokov prestal hovori\u0165. Okrem toho sa s n\u00edm v roku 1992 rozi\u0161la Learyho man\u017eelka Barbara Learyov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V nasleduj\u00facich rokoch sa Leary \u010dasto zab\u00e1val na raveoch a rockov\u00fdch festivaloch. (najm\u00e4 v mosh pite na koncerte Smashing Pumpkins).<\/em> Psychonaut sa stret\u00e1val s cool de\u0165mi, medzi ktor\u00e9 patrila aj jeho krstn\u00e1 dc\u00e9ra, Winona Ryder<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Winona
Hollywoodska hviezda Winona Ryder so svoj\u00edm krstn\u00fdm otcom Timothym Learym.<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tento rokenrolov\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00fd \u0161t\u00fdl sa pre Learyho r\u00fdchlo uk\u00e1zal ako pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd. Na za\u010diatku 70. rokov za\u010dal Leary menej jes\u0165 a zneu\u017e\u00edval alkohol a lieky na predpis. To sp\u00f4sobilo pred\u00e1vkovanie koncom roka 1993. (ktor\u00fd bol pova\u017eovan\u00fd za obojstrann\u00fd z\u00e1pal p\u013e\u00fac<\/strong> v tom \u010dase).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V janu\u00e1ri 1995 Leary zavolal svojmu odcudzen\u00e9mu priate\u013eovi Ram Dass <\/strong>so zl\u00fdmi spr\u00e1vami: Leary mal rakovinu prostaty, ktor\u00e1 je v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti v neskorom \u0161t\u00e1diu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e4\u0165 dn\u00ed pred svojou smr\u0165ou v m\u00e1ji 1996 sa Leary op\u00e4\u0165 stretol s Ramom Dassom. Pre star\u00fdch kamar\u00e1tov to bol naozaj ve\u013emi dobr\u00fd beh. Priekopn\u00edci m\u00e1gie a zlomyse\u013enosti, ktor\u00ed formovali cel\u00fa gener\u00e1ciu psychonautov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Ram
Zl\u00ed chlapci z Harvardu, naposledy v akcii.<\/em>\u00a0<\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\"Kto vie, \u010do sa m\u00f4\u017eete dozvedie\u0165, ke\u010f riskujete rozhovor s cudzincom? Ka\u017ed\u00fd v sebe nos\u00ed k\u00fasok sklada\u010dky. Nikto nevst\u00fapi do v\u00e1\u0161ho \u017eivota len n\u00e1hodou. D\u00f4verujte svojim in\u0161tinktom. Urobte nie\u010do neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9. N\u00e1jdite si in\u00fdch...\"<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

- Timothy Leary<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Doktor Timothy Francis Leary bol americk\u00fd psychol\u00f3g a jeden z hlavn\u00fdch propag\u00e1torov z\u00e1zra\u010dnej l\u00e1tky LSD, okrem in\u00fdch psychedelick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok. Mo\u017eno ste po\u010duli jeho popul\u00e1rnu hl\u00e1\u0161ku \"Zapni, naladi sa, vypni\", ktor\u00e1 charakterizovala hnutie hippies. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15822,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[69],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-15806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychedelic-culture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15806"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":159681,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15806\/revisions\/159681"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15822"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15806"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=15806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}