{"id":193766,"date":"2024-05-21T17:01:46","date_gmt":"2024-05-21T15:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=193766"},"modified":"2024-05-21T17:04:39","modified_gmt":"2024-05-21T15:04:39","slug":"ako-psilocybin-zvysuje-vhlad-do-problematiky-pri-meditacii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/blog\/how-psilocybin-enhances-insightfulness-in-meditation\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako psilocyb\u00edn zvy\u0161uje \"vh\u013ead\" pri medit\u00e1cii"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pod\u013ea nov\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu uverejnen\u00e9ho v \u010dasopise Vedeck\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy, <\/em>psilocyb\u00edn <\/a>(\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 l\u00e1tka v magick\u00fdch hub\u00e1ch)<\/em> m\u00f4\u017ee pri medit\u00e1cii zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 vh\u013ead.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V tejto prvej publik\u00e1cii svojho druhu \u0161t\u00fadium<\/a>, v\u00fdskumn\u00edci sk\u00famali \"s\u00fabor \u00fadajov funk\u010dnej magnetickej rezonancie zozbieran\u00fdch po\u010das medit\u00e1cie zameranej na pozornos\u0165 a medit\u00e1cie s otvoren\u00fdm monitorovan\u00edm pred a po p\u00e4\u0165d\u0148ovom medita\u010dnom \u00fastran\u00ed s asistenciou psilocyb\u00ednu s pou\u017eit\u00edm ned\u00e1vno zaveden\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na algoritme Mapper z anal\u00fdzy topologick\u00fdch \u00fadajov,\"\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci pou\u017eili pr\u00edstroj fMRI na skenovanie mozgov medituj\u00facich \u013eud\u00ed pred a po u\u017eit\u00ed psilocyb\u00ednu a porovnali v\u00fdsledky, aby zmerali pr\u00edpadn\u00fd rozdiel.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vz\u0165ah medzi psychedelick\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami a medit\u00e1ciou (osvie\u017eenie)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Medit\u00e1cia a psychedelik\u00e1 s\u00fa u\u017e dlho prepojen\u00e9. Obe vraj ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa mozog podobn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom, a preto s\u00fa obe \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdmi strat\u00e9giami na rie\u0161enie probl\u00e9mov du\u0161evn\u00e9ho zdravia. Predt\u00fdm, porovn\u00e1vacie \u0161t\u00fadie<\/a> sk\u00famali sn\u00edmky mozgu \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed u\u017eili psychedelik\u00e1, a porovn\u00e1vali ich so sn\u00edmkami \u013eud\u00ed v meditat\u00edvnom stave.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prostredn\u00edctvom toho v\u00fdskumn\u00edci zaznamenali podobn\u00e9 zmeny v sieti Default Mode Network (DMN)<\/em> mozgu. DMN je \u010das\u0165 mozgu, v ktorej sa sebareflektujeme a pl\u00e1nujeme. Je to z\u00e1kladn\u00fd mechanizmus; u \u013eud\u00ed trpiacich depresiou a in\u00fdmi poruchami n\u00e1lady sa v\u0161ak \u010dasto zist\u00ed, \u017ee je nadmerne akt\u00edvny. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00f4\u017eu poci\u0165ova\u0165 nerovnov\u00e1hu negat\u00edvnych my\u0161lienok a pocitov vo\u010di sebe. Psychedelik\u00e1 aj medit\u00e1cia ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa DMN sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd podporuje pocity vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho pokoja a vh\u013eadu.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Foto: Matteo Di Iorio na Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Okrem toho \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed medituj\u00fa, aj t\u00ed, ktor\u00ed sk\u00famaj\u00fa psychedelik\u00e1 z duchovn\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov, maj\u00fa tendenciu by\u0165 otvorenej\u0161\u00ed a podobne zvedav\u00ed na vesm\u00edr. Preto sa mnoh\u00ed \u013eudia s medita\u010dnou praxou zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa o psychedelik\u00e1 a naopak.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozn\u00e1mka: Ob\u010dianski vedci dl\u00e1\u017edia cestu<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Ako zvy\u010dajne, \"ob\u010dianski vedci\" z Redditu u\u017e boli hlboko vo v\u00fdskume, ktor\u00fd \"in\u0161titucion\u00e1lna veda\" pr\u00e1ve za\u010dala. Na Reddite existuje mnoho vl\u00e1kien, v ktor\u00fdch sa diskutuje, polemizuje a obhajuje kombin\u00e1cia psychedel\u00edk a medit\u00e1cie. Ako uvid\u00edte, \u0161t\u00fadia, ktor\u00fa sa chyst\u00e1me presk\u00fama\u0165, vlastne uv\u00e1dza do vedeckej re\u010di mnoh\u00e9 zo z\u00e1\u017eitkov, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvatelia Redditu opisuj\u00fa. Napr\u00edklad u\/Radagastthebrowns v komunite r\/Medit\u00e1cia nap\u00edsal;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Medit\u00e1cia pri u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed psychedel\u00edk je pre m\u0148a k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1 v mnoh\u00fdch momentoch, ke\u010f vyu\u017e\u00edvam medit\u00e1ciu a d\u00fdchanie, meditujte svoj\u00edm vlastn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom a zist\u00edte, \u017ee sa v\u00e1m odomkne to, \u010do je potrebn\u00e9 odomkn\u00fa\u0165.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako \u0161t\u00fadia fungovala<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia fungovala takto: 36 \"sk\u00fasen\u00ed medituj\u00faci\" <\/em>sa z\u00fa\u010dastnili a absolvovali dve sedenia zobrazovania mozgu pomocou fMRI. Prv\u00e9 bolo bez ak\u00fdchko\u013evek z\u00e1sahov na vytvorenie z\u00e1kladu. Druh\u00e9 bolo po \"P\u00e4\u0165d\u0148ov\u00e9 medita\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fastranie s asistenciou psilocyb\u00ednu.<\/em>\" \u0160t\u00fadia vyu\u017e\u00edvala randomizovan\u00fa, dvojito zaslepen\u00fa, placebom kontrolovan\u00fa \u0161t\u00fadiu s paraleln\u00fdmi skupinami. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci vysvetlili;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Placebo alebo psilocyb\u00edn (315 telesnej hmotnosti; absol\u00fatna d\u00e1vka 21,82 \u00b1 3,7 mg) sa pod\u00e1vali v \u0161tvrt\u00fd de\u0148 \u00fastupu a dotazn\u00edk 11D-ASC na hodnotenie zmenen\u00fdch stavov vedomia (pozri met\u00f3dy ) sa pod\u00e1val 360 min\u00fat po u\u017eit\u00ed lieku ako retrospekt\u00edvne meranie subjekt\u00edvnych \u00fa\u010dinkov. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 skenovacie sedenie (jeden de\u0148 pred a jeden de\u0148 po \u00fastupe) pozost\u00e1valo z 21 min\u00fat sekvenci\u00ed pokojov\u00e9ho stavu, s\u00fastredenej pozornosti a otvoren\u00e9ho monitorovania (v pevne stanovenom porad\u00ed), pri\u010dom ka\u017ed\u00e1 medit\u00e1cia trvala 7 min\u00fat. Pre ka\u017ed\u00fd subjekt sa obe skenovacie rel\u00e1cie spojili (s vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00edm prechodov\u00fdch \u010dasov) a vytvorili sa grafy tvaru Mapper a analyzovali sa,\" <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Prostredn\u00edctvom Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Z r\u00f4znych zisten\u00ed bolo azda najpozoruhodnej\u0161ie, \u017ee v\u00fdskumn\u00edci  \"zistili, \u017ee (psilocyb\u00ednom indukovan\u00e1) pozit\u00edvna derealiz\u00e1cia, ktor\u00e1 podporuje vh\u013ead, najm\u00e4 ak je sprev\u00e1dzan\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161enou medit\u00e1ciou s otvoren\u00fdm monitorovan\u00edm, s\u00favis\u00ed s OT vzdialenos\u0165ou medzi otvoren\u00fdm monitorovan\u00edm a pokojov\u00fdm stavom.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ber\u00fac na vedomie, \u017ee \"zistenia nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 meta-vedomie prostredn\u00edctvom medita\u010dnej praxe u sk\u00fasen\u00fdch medituj\u00facich v kombin\u00e1cii s potenci\u00e1lnymi pozit\u00edvnymi zmenami vn\u00edmania vyvolan\u00fdmi psilocyb\u00ednom sprostredk\u00favaj\u00fa vh\u013ead.\" <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Synergia medzi mindfulness a psilocyb\u00ednom<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\"Tieto zistenia spolo\u010dne poskytuj\u00fa nov\u00fd poh\u013ead na medit\u00e1ciu a psychedelik\u00e1, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee odhali\u0165 potenci\u00e1lne nov\u00e9 mozgov\u00e9 markery pre pozit\u00edvne synergick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky medzi praktikami v\u0161\u00edmavosti a psilocyb\u00ednom,\" <\/em>vysvetlili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na z\u00e1ver autori nap\u00edsali, \u017ee \"v porovnan\u00ed so samotnou medit\u00e1ciou psilocyb\u00edn men\u00ed vn\u00edmanie vonkaj\u0161ieho sveta, pravdepodobne zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm informa\u010dn\u00e9ho bohatstva, \u010do sa prejavuje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm vzdialenost\u00ed OT medzi OM a RS po terapii.\" <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Magick\u00e9 huby (cez Creative Commons)<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Zameranie na prospech \"Jednotlivci a spolo\u010dnos\u0165\"<\/em><\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Berit Singerov\u00e1, jedna z hlavn\u00fdch autoriek \u0161t\u00fadie, v rozhovore pre port\u00e1l PsyPost objasnila in\u0161pir\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e1 st\u00e1la za v\u00fdskumom;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Zaujala ma technick\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 t\u00e9my, preto\u017ee ma fascinuje, ako sa d\u00e1 \u010dist\u00e1 matematika, najm\u00e4 topol\u00f3gia, pou\u017ei\u0165 na z\u00edskanie d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed z latentn\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far v \u00fadajoch, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa zrejm\u00e9 pre in\u00e9 met\u00f3dy.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Psychedelick\u00e1 neuroveda a medi\u00e1cia s\u00fa pre m\u0148a mimoriadne zauj\u00edmav\u00e9, preto\u017ee vid\u00edm, \u017ee je potrebn\u00fd ve\u013ek\u00fd v\u00fdskum, aby sme lep\u0161ie pochopili mechanizmy t\u00fdchto l\u00e1tok a techn\u00edk, a preto\u017ee si \u017eel\u00e1m, aby to pomohlo k ich prospe\u0161n\u00e9mu vyu\u017e\u00edvaniu pre jednotlivcov a spolo\u010dnos\u0165.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zameranie na \"alternat\u00edvny pr\u00edstup\"<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Singer a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed \u010dlenovia t\u00edmu vo svojom v\u00fdskume uviedli, \u017ee \"medit\u00e1cia a psychedelik\u00e1 pri\u0165ahuj\u00fa v posledn\u00fdch rokoch \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed vedeck\u00fd z\u00e1ujem.\" <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokra\u010dovanie, \"Hoci sa v\u00fdskum neurofyziol\u00f3gie medit\u00e1cie a psychedel\u00edk r\u00fdchlo rozv\u00edjal, tieto t\u00e9my sa sk\u00famali najm\u00e4 z h\u013eadiska funk\u010dnej konektivity, siet\u00ed v pokojovom stave a variability sign\u00e1lov vr\u00e1tane mier entropie a kritickosti. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nok sa zameriava na alternat\u00edvny pr\u00edstup, v ktorom sa na neurofyziologick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadium synergick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov medit\u00e1cie a psychedel\u00edk uplat\u0148uje nov\u00e1 met\u00f3da topologickej anal\u00fdzy d\u00e1t (TDA),\" <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otvorenie sa pr\u00edrodnej m\u00e1gii<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u017ee to m\u00e1te. Ako sme u\u017e dlho tu\u0161ili, psychedelik\u00e1, ako napr\u00edklad psilocyb\u00edn, n\u00e1s dok\u00e1\u017eu urobi\u0165 prezieravej\u0161\u00edmi, najm\u00e4 v spojen\u00ed s praxou v\u0161\u00edmavosti, ako je napr\u00edklad medit\u00e1cia. N\u00e1\u0161 mozog a na\u0161a myse\u013e s\u00fa tajomn\u00e9 oblasti, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eeme nau\u010di\u0165 sk\u00fama\u0165 a otvori\u0165 svoju psychiku k\u00fazlu vesm\u00edru, nevidite\u013en\u00e9mu aj vidite\u013en\u00e9mu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Foto: Marc-Olivier Jodoin on Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zavrite o\u010di a zhlboka sa nad\u00fdchnite. Teraz venujte pozornos\u0165 pocitom vo svojom tele. C\u00edtite sa pokojn\u00ed, uvo\u013enen\u00ed, s\u00fastreden\u00ed. Medit\u00e1cia je skvel\u00e1, v\u0161ak? No vedeli ste, \u017ee s psilocyb\u00ednom to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 e\u0161te lep\u0161ie?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":193771,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133,88,86],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-193766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-philosophy-and-spirituality","category-psychedelic-studies","category-welness"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/193766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=193766"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/193766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":193777,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/193766\/revisions\/193777"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/193771"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=193766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=193766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=193766"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=193766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}