{"id":54744,"date":"2022-04-13T11:05:45","date_gmt":"2022-04-13T09:05:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=54744"},"modified":"2023-05-12T16:43:43","modified_gmt":"2023-05-12T14:43:43","slug":"mozu-psychedelika-priniest-revoluciu-v-liecbe-poruch-prijmu-potravy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/blog\/can-psychedelics-revolutionize-eating-disorder-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4\u017eu psychedelik\u00e1 prinies\u0165 revol\u00faciu v lie\u010dbe por\u00fach pr\u00edjmu potravy?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy sa \u0165a\u017eko lie\u010dia<\/h2>\n

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Jedn\u00fdm z d\u00f4vodov, pre\u010do je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 identifikova\u0165 a lie\u010di\u0165 poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy, je skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee sa m\u00f4\u017eu prejavova\u0165 r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi. Vyvr\u00e1ti\u0165 prevl\u00e1daj\u00faci stereotyp znamen\u00e1, \u017ee menej ako 6% \u013eud\u00ed trpiacich poruchou pr\u00edjmu potravy m\u00e1 zdravotn\u00fa podv\u00e1hu, \u010do je nie\u010do, \u010do sa dlho pova\u017eovalo za predpokladan\u00fd znak poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy. Existuje mnoho typov por\u00fach pr\u00edjmu potravy vr\u00e1tane ment\u00e1lnej anorexie, bul\u00edmie a poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy. Anorexia m\u00e1 jednu z najvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u00famrtnost\u00ed spomedzi v\u0161etk\u00fdch psychiatrick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed. Je to sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 obidve<\/strong> fyzick\u00fa a psychick\u00fa z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e sp\u00f4soben\u00fa touto chorobou. Pribli\u017ene 26% \u013eud\u00ed trpiacich poruchou pr\u00edjmu potravy sa po\u010das svojho \u017eivota pok\u00fasi o samovra\u017edu. Okrem toho m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 fyzick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky hladovania alebo prejedania sa a\/alebo \u010distenia zni\u010duj\u00face. <\/p>\n

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Foto: Damir Samatkulov on Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n

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Ke\u010f\u017ee poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy patria medzi poruchy spr\u00e1vania, je ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 ich lie\u010di\u0165. Tradi\u010dn\u00e1 lie\u010dba zah\u0155\u0148a kognit\u00edvno-behavior\u00e1lnu terapiu, di\u00e9tnu v\u00fdchovu a pr\u00edle\u017eitostne aj lieky, av\u0161ak u v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny pacientov d\u00f4jde po\u010das \u017eivota k recid\u00edve.<\/p>\n

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M\u00f4\u017eu sa psychedelik\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 na lie\u010dbu por\u00fach pr\u00edjmu potravy?<\/h2>\n

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N\u00e1rast v\u00fdskumu pou\u017e\u00edvania psychedel\u00edk, ako je psilocyb\u00edn (z magick\u00fdch h\u00fab a h\u013euzoviek)<\/em> a MDMA <\/em>na lie\u010dbu du\u0161evn\u00fdch por\u00fach otvorila nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti. O tom, \u017ee psilocyb\u00edn dok\u00e1\u017ee \u00fa\u010dinne lie\u010di\u0165 depresia<\/a>, PTSD<\/a> a OCD<\/a>. Podobne ako tieto poruchy, aj poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyzna\u010dova\u0165 negat\u00edvnymi vzorcami myslenia a spr\u00e1vania, z ktor\u00fdch je ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 sa vymani\u0165. K\u00fazlo h\u00fab a ich \u010fal\u0161\u00edch psychedelick\u00fdch s\u00fa\u010dast\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 pom\u00f4c\u0165 trpiacemu \"resetova\u0165\" ne\u017eiaduce spr\u00e1vanie. <\/p>\n

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Foto: Ali Bakhtiari on Unsplash<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n

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Preto je nov\u00fd v\u00fdskum lie\u010dby por\u00fach pr\u00edjmu potravy pomocou psychedel\u00edk tak\u00fd vzru\u0161uj\u00faci - otv\u00e1ra ove\u013ea \u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie mo\u017enosti zmeny. Mohlo by to zachr\u00e1ni\u0165 mili\u00f3ny \u017eivotov. <\/p>\n

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Pozrime sa teda, ak\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie sa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti pripravuj\u00fa: <\/p>\n

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Psilocyb\u00edn a porucha pr\u00edjmu potravy<\/h2>\n

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Koncom minul\u00e9ho roka Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Tryp Therapeutics<\/a> dostala zelen\u00fa od FDA<\/a> pokra\u010dova\u0165 v \u0161t\u00fadii f\u00e1zy 2a syntetick\u00e9ho psilocyb\u00ednu na lie\u010dbu poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy. Toto schv\u00e1lenie zo strany FDA znamenalo \u010fal\u0161\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd krok v uzn\u00e1van\u00ed psychedelick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok zo strany kompetentn\u00fdch. Je to tie\u017e v\u00edtan\u00e9 uznanie - porucha pr\u00edjmu potravy (alebo BED) <\/em>je naj\u010dastej\u0161ou poruchou pr\u00edjmu potravy v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch, hoci nie je tak\u00e1 zn\u00e1ma ako anorexia alebo bul\u00edmia. N\u00e1rodn\u00e1 asoci\u00e1cia pre poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy kategorizuje BED ako;<\/p>\n

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\"...z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1, \u017eivot ohrozuj\u00faca a lie\u010dite\u013en\u00e1 porucha pr\u00edjmu potravy charakterizovan\u00e1 opakuj\u00facimi sa epiz\u00f3dami konzum\u00e1cie ve\u013ek\u00e9ho mno\u017estva jedla (\u010dasto ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo a a\u017e do nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdch pocitov); pocitom straty kontroly po\u010das prejedania sa; poci\u0165ovan\u00edm hanby, \u00fazkosti alebo viny po prejedan\u00ed sa; a nepravideln\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm nezdrav\u00fdch kompenza\u010dn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed (napr. o\u010dis\u0165ovanie) proti prejedaniu sa.\"<\/em><\/p>\n

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Tento stav m\u00f4\u017ee ovl\u00e1dnu\u0165 \u017eivot postihnut\u00e9ho po emocion\u00e1lnej aj fyzickej str\u00e1nke. M\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 cel\u00fd rad \u010fal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1sledkov, ako je depresia alebo obezita. <\/p>\n

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Psilocyb\u00edn a anorexia nervosa<\/h2>\n

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Imperial College London je v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti inzeruje<\/a> pre \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov \u0161t\u00fadie, ktorej cie\u013eom je zisti\u0165, \u010di psilocyb\u00edn m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnou lie\u010dbou pre osoby trpiace ment\u00e1lnou anorexiou. Ke\u010f\u017ee t\u00e1to porucha m\u00e1 najvy\u0161\u0161iu \u00famrtnos\u0165 spomedzi v\u0161etk\u00fdch psychiatrick\u00fdch por\u00fach, ako aj menej ako 50% mieru \u00fapln\u00e9ho uzdravenia, n\u00e1jdenie \u00fa\u010dinnej lie\u010dby je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9. V \u0161t\u00fadii Imperial College sa uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee \u017eiadatelia musia trpie\u0165 t\u00fdmto ochoren\u00edm viac ako 3 roky a \u017eiadna in\u00e1 lie\u010dba nie je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1. Samotn\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia bude prebieha\u0165 po\u010das 6 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov. Bude pozost\u00e1va\u0165 z \u00f4smich \u0161tudijn\u00fdch n\u00e1v\u0161tev, z ktor\u00fdch tri bud\u00fa zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 d\u00e1vky psilocyb\u00ednu. D\u00e1vky sa bud\u00fa zaka\u017ed\u00fdm l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165, ale maxim\u00e1lna d\u00e1vka, ktor\u00fa dobrovo\u013en\u00edk dostane, je 25 mg. Po\u010das \u0161t\u00fadie sa uskuto\u010dnia aj dve vy\u0161etrenia magnetickou rezonanciou, p\u00e4\u0165 z\u00e1znamov EEG a terapeutick\u00e9 a psychologick\u00e9 sedenia. Dobrovo\u013en\u00edci bud\u00fa potom jeden rok sledovan\u00ed. <\/p>\n

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Foto: Priscilla Du Preez na Unsplash<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n

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Okrem toho Univerzita v Sydney v Austr\u00e1lii ned\u00e1vno uverejnila svoje zistenia o podobnom \u0161t\u00fadium<\/a>. Dospel k z\u00e1veru, \u017ee;<\/p>\n

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 \"...<\/em>psilocyb\u00edn je bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 intervencia, ak sa pod\u00e1va v starostlivo kontrolovanom klinickom prostred\u00ed, a m\u00e1 pozoruhodn\u00fd terapeutick\u00fd potenci\u00e1l pri r\u00f4znych z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch refrakt\u00e9rnych psychiatrick\u00fdch ochoreniach. Jedine\u010dn\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 a dlhodob\u00e1 trv\u00e1cnos\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinkov psilocyb\u00ednu v doteraj\u0161\u00edch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch nazna\u010duje ve\u013emi potrebn\u00e9 nov\u00e9, r\u00fdchlo p\u00f4sobiace a potenci\u00e1lne n\u00e1kladovo efekt\u00edvne vylep\u0161enie s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch pr\u00edstupov.\"<\/em><\/p>\n

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U\u017e\u00edvanie psilocyb\u00ednu by v podstate mohlo by\u0165 \"ve\u013emi potrebn\u00e1 <\/em>zmeni\u0165 sp\u00f4sob lie\u010dby ochoren\u00ed, ako je anorexia. Nech v\u00fdskum pokra\u010duje! <\/p>\n

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MDMA a poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy<\/h2>\n

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Nie je to len psilocyb\u00edn, ktor\u00fd dostal \u0161ancu p\u00f4sobi\u0165. MDMA, kedysi pova\u017eovan\u00fd za p\u00e1rty drogu, sa tie\u017e dost\u00e1va do hry. MAPY<\/a> <\/em>ned\u00e1vno uverejnila \u0161t\u00fadiu, ktor\u00e1 sk\u00famala terapiu s pomocou MDMA na lie\u010dbu os\u00f4b trpiacich posttraumatickou stresovou poruchou. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee PTSD a poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy s\u00fa \u010dasto \"komorbidn\u00e9\", \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sa \u010dasto prejavuj\u00fa spolo\u010dne. Z 90 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov trpiacich PTSD malo 46,5% z nich aj pr\u00edznaky poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy. \u0160t\u00fadia zistila, \u017ee terapia s asistenciou MDMA skuto\u010dne zn\u00ed\u017eila pr\u00edznaky t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed trpeli poruchami pr\u00edjmu potravy. Na vyvodenie z\u00e1verov je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00fd \u010fal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskum. Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si \u00fapln\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia<\/a> tu. <\/p>\n

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Pre\u010do s\u00fa psychedelik\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 pri lie\u010dbe por\u00fach pr\u00edjmu potravy<\/h2>\n

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Psychedelik\u00e1 ako psilocyb\u00edn zni\u017euj\u00fa aktivitu siete \u0161tandardn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu (DMN<\/a>) v mozgu. DMN riadi na\u0161e sebareferen\u010dn\u00e9, vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 procesy du\u0161evn\u00e9ho stavu - t. j. n\u00e1\u0161 \"pocit seba\". \u010casom sa tieto procesy stan\u00fa zvykom, dobre zabehnutou cestou, ktorou sa n\u00e1\u0161 mozog automaticky uber\u00e1. Ak s\u00fa negat\u00edvne<\/strong> zvyky a cesty, na ktor\u00fdch sa ocit\u00e1me. negat\u00edvne<\/strong> my\u0161lienkov\u00e9 a behavior\u00e1lne procesy. To je charakteristick\u00e9 pre mnoh\u00e9 du\u0161evn\u00e9 poruchy - depresiu, OCD, posttraumatick\u00fa stresov\u00fa poruchu a <\/em>poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy.<\/p>\n

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cez Wikimedia Commons<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n

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Zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm aktivity DMN pon\u00fakaj\u00fa psychedelik\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 zbavi\u0165 sa t\u00fdchto n\u00e1vykov (napr\u00edklad hladovanie alebo prejedanie sa v pr\u00edpade por\u00fach pr\u00edjmu potravy).<\/em> a vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 nov\u00e9 cesty. Aktu\u00e1lne nervov\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy<\/a> - ako psychedelik\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017eu zlep\u0161i\u0165 neuroplasticitu a kreativitu. To je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pre osoby trpiace poruchami pr\u00edjmu potravy, ktor\u00fdch schopnos\u0165 kognit\u00edvnej flexibility je v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1. <\/p>\n

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Bud\u00facnos\u0165<\/h2>\n

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\u010c\u00edm viac tak\u00fdchto \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed sa za\u010dne publikova\u0165, t\u00fdm viac sa dozvieme o \u00fa\u010dinnosti psychedel\u00edk pri poruch\u00e1ch pr\u00edjmu potravy. Bud\u00facnos\u0165 v tejto oblasti v\u0161ak vyzer\u00e1 jasne - je to s\u013eubn\u00e9 znamenie pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed si kedysi mysleli, \u017ee ich poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy s\u00fa do\u017eivotn\u00fdm trestom.<\/p>\n

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Poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy nerozli\u0161uj\u00fa, koho postihuj\u00fa. M\u00f4\u017eu sa t\u00fdka\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho veku, pohlavnej identity, rasy, ve\u013ekosti a sexu\u00e1lnej orient\u00e1cie. V skuto\u010dnosti najmenej 9% popul\u00e1cie na celom svete bude po\u010das svojho \u017eivota trpie\u0165 jednou alebo viacer\u00fdmi variantmi poruchy pr\u00edjmu potravy. A \u010dasto je to boj na cel\u00fd \u017eivot.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":54796,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-54744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychedelic-studies"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54744"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124123,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54744\/revisions\/124123"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/54796"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54744"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=54744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}